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ole Io Excelsior Marine Benevolent Association. CAPT. BENJAMIN CHAMBERS. Capt. Benjamii Chambers, who died in Cleveland on Fri- day last, was highly respected among associates in the Excel- sior Marine Benevolent Association, and the funeral on Sunday was largely attended by the members of the Cleveland branch of that organization. While going up the river in Cleveland with his boat, the steamer Queen of the West, in June last, a collision with one of the bridges resulted in the loss of one life and injury to others. Although a man of very strong consti- tution, this accident troubled Capt Chambers very much and re- sulted in a derangement of mind that was the primary cause of his death. He was forty-two years of age. The pall bearers at the funeral were Captains N. E. Hoover, William Mack, Richard Neville, Thomas Jones, William Carlyle and A. Green- ley. Capt. Chambers' first vessel, as master, was the old schooner Granada. ivia and from the latter he went into the Maria Martin of Buffalo. From the Martin he went as captain of the schooner Kate Wins- low of Cleveland and from there into the tow barge Brunette, which he sailed for one or two seasons, when he was appointed master of the steambarge Queen of the West, which he com- manded last season. An Adjustable Compass. "A new adjustable binnacle that will attract attention has recently been designed and patented. . It is self contained, hav- ing within the binnacle box appliances for effecting most perfect compensation or adjustment of deviation. The appliances accord with the latest scientific principles, which are often violated by the adjuster, because there happens to be no convenient position for magnets. It isalways desirablethat the compass be adjusted by a skillful professional, but where one cannot be obtained an intelligent master can, with this new binnacle, do his own adjust- ing. It consists ofa strongly built hard-wood box, about 36 inches in height and from 12 to 16 inches square, according to the size of the compass used. Within this hard-wood box are two horizontal bulkheads or partitions, the object of which is to strengthen the box and to support the brass tube containing the heeling error corrector,*/ 4. On three sides of the binnacle are shallow closets, containing shelves for receiving the magnets * 72, which correct the semi-circular part of the devia- tion. 'These magnets are made of hardened steel, eight inches long and one-half inch square. They are painted, the north ends red, and the south ends blue. The spaces between the shelves are of proper size to just receive the magnets. After an adjustment has been made, the doors are closed and locked, securing the magnets in position. The quadrantal correctors consist of two hollow iron globes *g g, which are supported upon brass brackets, and held in position by brass bolts. These bolts pass through slots in the brackets, which permit the globes to be moved in or out, and afford ample scope for all ordinary cases. When the action of a magnet, or of an iron ship pulls the compass, the north point of the card is pulled or drawn. A pull forward means that the north point is drawn toward the bow; a pull aft means that the north point is drawn toward the stern; likewise a pull to starboard or to port means that the north point is drawn towards the sides of the ship respectively. When the north point is pulled it is implied that some force MARINE REVIEW. Afterwards he sailed the schooners Samana and Bol- | pulls. 'That force is the same kind of force which resides in the blue end of the magnet. Remember blue pulls. | To adjust the semi-circular part of the deviation, place the ships head on east or west correct magnetic. It 1s better to be- gin with east or west rather than north or south, because the déviation in those points is usually the greatest. When the ship's head is steady on east, look at the compass and see whether the north point has been drawn toward the bow or toward the stern. Correct the compass with fore and aft magnets. If the north point has been drawn towards the bow, your magnets must have their blue ends towards the stern, and vice versa. Begin by placing a magnet in the lowest compartment; note the result. If not sufficient, place another magnet in the lowest compart-- ment on the opposite side; its blue end must bein the same direction as the first. Ifthe magnets still do not pull sufficiently, raise them one step at atime. It will be better to use three magnets on each side in the lowest spaces, than to use one pair in the highest space. Having brought the compass: to point correctly, place the ship's head on northor south. Note whether -- the north point is drawn towards the starboard or port side. Correct the compass with thwartship magnets. If north is drawn to starboard, then the blue ends of the magnets must be to port, and vice versa. Place a magnet in the lowest compart- ment, raise it and add more magnets if necessary as before. Now place your ship's head on the remaining two cardinal points. Correct one-half the deviation you find on the last two cardinal points by a re-adjustment of the magnets. Do not attempt to correct all the error found on the second two points, for you will only throw all the error so corrected into the first two. net in the lowest compartment will correct about five degrees of deviation. It may sometimes happen that a less amount than this requires to be corrected. In this case, place a magnet in the lowest compartment with its blue end in the contrary direction, and in the next compartment above place a second magnet with its blue end in the proper direction. You will now have a force pulling your compass equal to the difference between | the two magnets, which will be very small, the uppermost mag- | You may now raise the upper net being the dominant force. magnet until the required force is obtained. -- _ To correct the quadrantal part of the deviation, place the ship's _head on N. E.,S. H., S. W., or N. W., the semi-circular ~ deviation having been previously compensated. You will notice. that the north and south points are drawn towards the bow and towards the stern in each of these positions. pens that the north and south points are drawn towards the sides of the ship. This error, if the semi-circular deviation has been perfectly corrected and if the compass is in the midship plane of the ship, ought to be equal in each of the four quadrants. It is a good plan however, to determine the error in each quadrant, and to correct in any one quadant an amount equal to the mean of these four errors. 'The correction is made by placing the iron globes on the brackets as far out as possible, and then slowly moy- ing them in until the required correction is obtained. In the usual location of a pilot-house compass, the quadrantal deviation is _ rarely less than five degrees, or more than ten degrees. It is therefore safe to place the globes on the brackets in the outer position, even if no means are at hand for more accurately plac- ing them. 'They can do no harm and will be sure to reduce the error even if they do not entirely remove it. The heeling error is easily corrected by the protessional ad- juster by means of a dipping needle, which measures the amount of vertical force at the exact location of the compass. 'The mag- net in the vertical brass tube is raised or lowered until this force is neutralized. To accomplish this it is not necessary to list the ship, and the adjustment when properly made adds in no small degree to the Steadiness and reliability of the compass and the satety of the ship. Only very general instructions can be given for making this adjustment without the dipping needle. In north latitudes,the red end of the magnet should usually be uppermost. The heeling error is greatest on northerly and southerly courses, © and is least on the easterly and westerly courses. On the northerly and southerly courses, the north point of the compass is usually drawn toward the windward or high side of the ship. When this is seen to be the case, the magnet (with the red end upper- most) should be raised by means of the chain attached until the compass points correctly. compass 1s correct when the ship is on an even keel. In those exceptional cases where the north point is drawn toward the lee- ward, or low side of the ship, the magnet must be placed in its tube with its blue end uppermost.--Copyrighted by John Bliss. "See drawing on page 13. ° 3 bai A sf ee Se eran +: kesentre ce, edo re nied ett we ks a he ca Re ate A mag-- It very rarely hap- This is on the supposition that the -- ieee ng