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: La 20 MARI NE RE, VI EW. eee Short History of Lake Navigation. (By C. H. Keep, Secretary Lake Carriers' Association.) EARLY HISTORY OF NAVIGATION ON LAKE SUPERIOR. The commerce of Lake Superior was developed long after In addition to this Suitable place for anchorage = Fn nh oy Oy? o2 se 5 208 Saige sa Ol ates io A Rol a vy S38 4S eee ; O. Gree that on the lower lakes had become firmly established. It 1s Says Sy better, therefore, to give a short account of its growth in a oe $ nis separate paragraph. For the following account the writer 1s I i =e Se S indebted to Mr. J. I. Whiting, general agent Western Transit ily al atone v 3 Company, Detroit, Mich. Mr. Whiting's connection with the i 3) fo 8 a9 es) Lake Superior trade goes back to its beginning and has con- We ae = $= tinued to the present day. There is no one better qualified to a vf z 5.2 ame speak of its every detail from personal observation. Mr. Whit- \\y t je bn &, aes ing's history is given in his own words except in so far as his Wea aed ap aiae own personal connection with the early navigation is concerned. ey 1h Bere Ng 5 Records and traditions (from both of which more or less is i Ni | a G Oo B bo 4 borrowed in preparing that portion of this article relating to WO | ae ao a in incidents prior to 1843) indicate that Lake Superior was naviga- \ iY Se SS Bae ted from about 1800 by vessels owned by the late Hudson Bay ; ys g Gee 3 Hoe & and American Fur Companies. Ve 4 2.5 y epee A vessel named the Recovery, owned by the British North- ie "Hl g CcaHY oe western Company was one of those so employed. In the war \ id v souls 3 S Bie of 1812, the parties owning the Recovery were fearful that she \ , 2 0 Oo Sees oe es might be captured by the Americans, and history, well known Wale iE sl am Y | o a 2 to the older inhabitants of Lake Superior, tells us that she was NY | SEevM ose placed in one of the deep narrow bays on the northwest end of Isle Royale, known as McCargos Cove, which was then: under the control of the British government. Her spars were taken out, and her hull entirely covered over with branches of trees and brush wood. On the advent of peace she was brought from her hiding place refitted, and again put into commission, and in the year 1830, or thereabouts, she is said to have been run over the rapids at Sault Ste. Marie, and placed in the lumber trade on Lake Erie, under the command of Capt. John Fellows, of Fort Erie, Canada West. She was about 150 tons burden and brigantine rigged. | Another vessel named the. Mink was also on Lake Superior before the war. She also was subsequently brought down over the rapids and employed in a general business during the bal- ance of her life. About 1834 the American Fur Company decided to build what was then termed a large vessel, for the navigation of Lake Superior. When built and completed, under the direction of Messrs. Ramsey Crooks and Oliver Newberry, she was placed in command of Capt. Charles C. Stanard, who, in years. after, became a well known and very popular commander of steamers in the Buffalo, Detroit and Chicago trade. 'This vessel was named the John Jacob Astor, and was the first American vessel launched upon Lake Superior. Her timbers and plank were gotten out at Black River, Ohio in the fall of that year _(1834) and were shipped to Sault Ste. Marie, and from there hauled (carted) across the Portage to the head of the rapids, where her keel was laid and the vessel launched about the 1st of August 1835. It was while in command of this vessel that Capt. Stan- ard discovered the well known rock afterwards named the Stanard rock, situated in Keweenaw bay, on which the United States government has since built, though attended with great cost and difficulty, one of its first class light-houses for the protection of all mariners and passengers that have occasion to navigate Lake Superior. Capt. Stanard remained master of the Astor until the season of 1842, after which Capt. J. B. Angus, a well known navigator of the lake, became master of her and remained in charge until she was wrecked at Copper Harbor some time in September, 1844, while landing a cargo of material to be used in building Fort Wilkins. The American Fur Company built two smaller vessels in the years 1837 and 1838, one of which--owing to faulty con- struction--was never launched, while the other is supposed to have been put into commission, but her name, as well as her history, has been lost. The schooner William Brewster, of about 70 tons, was launched in August, 1838, and in that fall, fearing she could \ not be kept profitably employed, she was run over the Sault rapids and afterwards engaged in the general business of the lakes. 'The timbers of the Brewster, like those of the Astor, were gotten out in Ohio, carried to Sault Ste. Marie, carted across the portage to the head of the rapids, where they were set up and the vessel finished. TO BE CONTINUED. In the lagoon men- 1. Zip bb panes Jehese yyy tet aa ES tioned a large number of electric launches and gondolas house, war balloon, and full size model of a battle ship. will be operated. Extending 1,000 feet into the lake is the pier which affords a landing place for lake steamers. be exhibited a gun battery, life saving station, a light- To the right are almost fifty | To the left are the structures devoted to agriculture, live stock, forestry, and dairy products. On Across a ---- =< aie SS = ZZ == ------= ee ZZ, ry we Over 600 acres are occupied by the buildings shown by the illustration above. Birdseye View of the World's Fair Buildings. buildings of the foreign nations and the states buildings. the lagoon is the government building, and east of this wili Near these is a large lagoon with an inlet to the lake. a large island in this lake is the fisheries building, MARINE Review for one year and Patterson's Nautical Dictionary for $6.