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- MARINE REVIEW. Vor. "Vili. The Engineering Congress. The engineering congress to be held in Chicago during the closing days of the present month will be the first interna- tional engineering congress in the history of the world. In- vitations to the congress have been sent to all prominent foreign and Aimerican societies, institutions, colleges and schools of en- gineering, as well as to distinguished engineers in all parts of the world. Correspondence has been established with seventy- X f os oii es : i eh r in a i a i i : Ca ee -_ -_ = » "ean oars GRAHAM AND MORTON COMPANY'S STEAMER CHICORA. five societies in twenty-seven countries. There will be original papers and discussions by leaders in the profession in every branch, describing new processes, inventions, works recently constructed or in the process of con- struction--in short, the advancement of engi- neering in the ninteenth century. Another congress which will be held at the same time and which will be of special import- ance to engineers is the Water Conimerce 'Congress. This is one of direct international importance, dealing as it does with that great economic question, the cost of transportation between states and nations. 'The cheapness of water transportation as compared to that by rail, accounts for the steady increase of the former 'The subjects of this meeting will include building of canals, deepening of rivers, excavation of harbors, building of docks, im- CLEVELAND, O., ann CHICAGO, ILL., JULY 6, 1893. No. 1. such a proceeding on the part of owners having no contracts. Unlike the big iron mining companies that are forced to do busi- ness on an extensive credit system, the vessel owner can run along carefully on small margins from trip to trip in times of low freights, and that is just what is being done at present. In all quarters there is the hope that the great shortage of soft coal in the northwest and the surplus supplies of grain will result in a change for the better, and that the season on the whole must turn out somewhat to the advantage of the carriers, but the developments of the past week have not been encouraging in this re- gard. Ore freights have reached the very low plane of 50 cents from Escanaba, 65 cents from Marquette and 70 cents from Ashland, the lowest figures ever recorded, and there is a great scarcity of cargoes even at these rates, while the movement of grain that sustained the freight market early in the season is en- | tirely suspended. Rates on coal have been maintained, as the coal shippers are straining every effort to forward their product against many disadvantages, the principal of which isa lack of money to carry on mining opera- tions and move the coal. Graham and Morton Line. The Graham and Morton 'Transportation Company is one of the Lake Michigan lines running into Chicago that have made special provements in steamers, proposed canals in the United States, and all relative topics, the dis- cussions to be confined to the economic feature of water commerce. The executive officer of this congress is Professor William Watson of Boston. Lake Freight Matters. Vessel freights are paid in cash and in this there is a partial explanation for the refusal of owners to lay up their property, although it would seem that present conditions would warrant STEAMER CHICORA, MAIN SALOON. arrangements for world's fair traffic. One of the steamers of this line, the Chicora, built recently by Detroit Dry Dock Com- pany, Detroit, Mich., is an especially fine boat. 'Two views of the Chicora appear on this page. The engraving of a view in the main saloon gives an idea of the elegant finish in the boat's cabins. Benton Harbor and St. Joseph, popular summer resorts on Lake Michigan, a short distance from Chicago, are the prin- 'cipal points covered by this company.