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MARINE REVIEW. Vors VALE CLEVELAND, O., anv CHICAGO, ILL., AUG. 10, 1893. No. 6. Lower Niagara Passenger Steamers. The steel side wheel steamer Chippewa, pictured in this issue of the REVIEw, is the best production of a Canadian ship yard to be found in the lake region. She was built by the Ham- ilton Bridge Company of Hamilton, Ont., for the Niagara Navi- gation Company, and a few days ago joined the two other boats of that company the Chicora and Cibola, on the Toronto, Nia- gara, Ont., and Lewiston route. The new steamer has a very large amount of deck room and is permitted to carry 2,000 pas- sengers. She is 300 feet in length between perpendiculars. Her engines, built by the W. & A. Fletcher Co., Hoboken, N. J., having a 75-inch cylinder and tr1-foot stroke, is said to develop 3,100 horse-power. Steam is supplied by five boilers, each 10 feet 4 inches in diameter and 21 feet long. 'The officers in charge are, Capt., John McGiffin; James Richardson, first mate; William Walsh, engineer; N. F. Harbottle, purser and water at a depth of about 13 feet below the surface at the side of the vessel, and found that in shallow places near the head of Lake Superior the temperature was 50 and 51, while in the 'very deep portions of the big lake, about half way between the upper and lower extremities, the temperature at the same depth from the surface was but 40. Again in the shallow places around White- fish point and St. Mary's Falls canal there was a rise to 50 and sr, while the thermometer indicated 65 lower down the voyage on lake Huron, and as high as 70 on Lake Erie. In view of the re- sults of these tests, taken only for amusement, of course, it is no wonder that the people of Lake Superior lay claim to enjoying the benefit of the finest water in the world. A Reasonable Claim. There is no doubt now that the whaleback passenger steamer - Christopher Columbus has proven one of the leading attractions PASSENGER STEAMER CHIPPEWA--BUILT BY THE HAMILTON BRIDGE CO., HAMILTON, ONT. Fred Mossop, steward. Each of the three steamers of this line now makes two round trips a day, except Sundays--six in all. They connect with the New York Central trains at Lewiston and the Michigan Central at Niagara. We are indebted to the Buffalo Illustrated Express for the engraving. Temperature of Lake Superior Water. Mr. Harvey H. Brown of Cleveland was fortunate enough to be enabled to spare time from business for three trips to Lake Superior last month on the steel steamer Castalia, one of a dozen or more big boats controlled in the office of Harvey H. Brown & Co. It is well known that on account of the low temperature of the water of Lake Superior, steam vessels running on that lake can improve upon the speed made on the lower lakes, on account of the advantage in the cold water for condensing steam. A dis- cussion of this subject caused Mr. Brown to secure a reliable ther- mometer and take the temperature of the water in different parts of the lakes. From one of the steamer's small pumps he secured connected with the World's Columbian Exposition, and present plans are to have her remain in Chicago as an excursion steamer after the fair is closed. Her officers are not. unreasonable enough to speak seriously of the claim that she has made 23 miles an hour, but they do say that on a recent trip to Milwau- kee, with 160 pounds of steam and an average of ninety-eight turns, she made the run from breakwater to breakwater, which they figure at 86 miles according to the course followed, in 4 hours and 19 minutes. This would be at a rate of speed a little less than 20 miles an hour, or to be exact 19.8 miles. The capacity of this vessel for excursion purposes is enormous, and can only be realized by observing from the deck the stream of passengers passing from the gang planks at either end of the route between Van Buren street and the fair grounds. On the boat's three spacious decks 2,000 people do not appear more crowded than as many hundred on an ordinary excursion boat, but when this mass of living freight is hurried ashore the scene is wonderful. :