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MARINE, REVIEW. : 13 Necessary to Safe Navigation. The medal awarded by congress to Daniel Lynn of Port Huron will attract attention to opportuinties for saving life on the lakes. In order to lower a life boat or yawl from a vessel to go to another in distress, or to get a boat clear from a sinking or burning vessel when a sea is on, something more than the ordinary attachments to the day- itts are required. After a boat has rescued a crew from another vessel, or from danger of any kind to which they may be subjected, it is even more important that the device be arranged so that it can be readily hooked on ina sea-way, as the number of lives at stake is greater than was the case when the boat was castoff. Common, humane sense demands that men, whose employment requires them to meet daily the perils of navigation, should at all times be provided with the best life-saving appliances that are to be had. The only de- vice, so far as known, that meets the requiretaents attending the pro- per management of life boats is the Standard automatic releasing hook, illustrated herewith. Several lake steamers are equipped with this hook, among them the State of Ohio of the Cleveland & Buffalo line and the new revenue cutter Gresham. It is, in fact, used on all the new revenue cutters. Capt. J. W. Congdon of the cutter Dexter, says that it is the best device he has ever seen--simple and reliable. Capt. Alex. J. McKay of the City of Detroit, after seeing its practical working features, says that it fulfills all the requirements in releas- ing and hooking on, and Capt. John Edwards of the City of Buffalo recommends it for quick work. Capt. George EK. Merritt of the Parks Foster tried the hook on his boat and says that it fulfills all expecta- tions. These hooks are in use on all steamers of the Old Dominion line, on Vanderbilt's yacht Conqueror, and in fact they have been quite generally adopted on the coast. In several accidents that occur- red on the lakes last season the use of this device would have been of great advantage, and eyen if no lives are lost, the smashing of a yawl against the side of a vessel costs more than an entire equipment of these hooks. Since the schooner Bird of Rockland, Me., has been equipped, her crew has saved four ship-wrecked crews. Often in cases of collision with other vessels or contact with rocks a vessel is saved from sinking by a stuffing material of some kind being placed near enough to the hole to cause the suction to draw it into the fract- ure. This must be done at once in order to be successful, and there are numerous other cases where life and property are dependent upon rapid work in getting a small boat over the side of a vessel. A: boat equipped with Standard hooks was released from the steamer Macales- tor when she was running 14 miles an hour. It was done so quickly that the crew had a boat alongside a capsized sail vessel before the captain of the steamer, who was below, had time to get up on deck. A boat equipped wth these hooks was lowered in less than two minutes from the Sound steamer New Hampshire, to rescue a passen- ger who had fallen overboard. Capt. J. R. Raymond, the inventor' of this hook and manager of the company, which is located at 22 and 24 State street, New York, is making a trip around the lakes. He has a handsome working model, in which marine men generally will be interested. Compound Steam Turbines for Marine Propulsion, In view of the success that has attended the application of turbine engines to one of the British torpedo boat chasers, the subject of machinery of this kind in connection with marine propulsion was re- garded as of special importance at the recent meeting of the Society of Naval Architects in London. It was stated at the meeting that the manufacture of the compound steam turbine was first commenced in 1885 with the construction of small engines for the driving of dynamos. Two years ago, a syndicate was formed to test thoroughly the applica-. tion of the compound steam turbine to marine propulsion and a boat was designed for this purpose. A serious difficulty, however, arose in the cavitation of the water, or the hollowing out of the vacuous spaces by the blade of the screw, the whole energy of the screw when. at a high speed being expended in maintaining this space. The single compound turbine engine was then removed from the boat and re- placed by three separate compound turbines directly coupled to three screw shafts, working in series on the steam, the turbines being the high pressure, intermediate and low pressure, and designed for a com- plete expansion of the steam of 100-fold, each turbine exerting ap--- proximately one-third of the whole power developed, the three new screw shafts being of reduced scantling. 'The advantages claimed for this engine are increased speed, increased carrying power of vessel, -- increased safety, reduced weight, space, initial cost, and cost of atten- dance, ete. The author of a paper on this type of engine said, in answer to a number of questions, that it was perhaps a little premat--- ure to say how far one could go in the direction of reducing the speed of the engines for vessels larger than the torpedo boat chasers, but it - would be very much reduced. By increasing the beam, provided the -- horse power was considerable, the speed revolution would be dimin- ished in direct proportion as the diameter of the turbine was increased. -- Roughly speaking, the turbine was most applicable to boats of 15 knots' and upwards. , That was without, the use of gearing; if gearing were used it would be applicable to all classes of ships. The diameter of | the propellers was 18 inches and cavitation began when the mean -- pressure on the blades exceeded 114 pounds. Atlantic was Sunk off Long Point. Editor Marine Review :--Your correspondent from Hearne, Texas, Mr. T. EK. Kinney, who writes very interestingly in the Review of the 15th inst. about the loss of the steamer Atlantic, and the great work of Wm. Harrington, the diver who recovered a safe from the vessel, must be mistaken as regards the location of the sunken vessel in Lake Erie. © Everybody on the lakes knows that the Atlantic was sunkoff Long ~ point, and it is probably unfortunate, therefore, that the gentleman from Texas should locate her off Point au Pelee, as the error may ~ tend to discredit his story, which is very interesting and probably correct otherwise. There is no deep water in the vicinity of Point au Pelee. Dunkirk, N. Y., April 28, 1897. A vest pocket pamphlet just issued by the Marine Review con- tains appointments of captains and engineers for 172 fleets of vessels -- owned on the lakes. It is practically a complete list of vessels, own- ers, captains and engineers on the lakes, corrected to date and put inthe most concise form that it is possible to arrange the several thousand names contained in such a collection. It is neatly bound and durable. Mailed to any address on receipt of $1. One fare for the round trip to St. Louis from all stations oa the Nickle Plate road, May 4and 5. Ask agents. # 38 May 2 Old Mariner. «