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1900.] MARINE REVIEW. 2 SAVING BIG WRECKS, "Do you consider the operation of raising the Saale, Main and Bremen an extraordinary wrecking job?" was asked the president of a great marine underwriting company recently. "Not in the least," was the prompt answer. "The ordinary floating of a ship means nothing to the wrecking companies these days. When the St. Paul was hauled off the beach at Long Branch it was believed by some to be a most remarkable feat of marine engineering. It certainly was the first instance of a leviathian being saved on this side; ibut salving of that kind is nothing in England. When the wreckers have simply to get hauling lines out and pull away to float a craft it is no more remarkable than an ant dragging a crumb. It is a serious question of power alone. "In the case of the Saale and her two sisters, the stopping up of all holes, the use of pontoons and immense cables and the application of pumps capable of discharging 3,600 tons of water per hour, comprise the operation under which the wreckers work. It is only when the wreckers have to build artificial canals, blow up rocks with dynamite, invent new means of suction and buoyancy, that wrecking jobs become remarkable in these days." One of the most successful wrecking operations of recent years was done by amateurs when the British warship Bonadventure, attached to the China station, struck on the rocks last year; also, when the Oregon recently stranded. The pumps could not make any impression on the water in the lower holds. The captain had a hole cut in the armored deck. From this jet of water nine feet high came out. A screw-nozzle was fitted to the hole and an effort was made to force in air with the diving pump, which theoretically should have been able to do it, but would not. The chief engineer then proposed putting in torpedo air service. With this it would have been possible to blow the ship up, so a safety valve made of a piece of India rubber tubing, which would burst if the pressure rose too high, was fitted to the pipe. In this way the water was forced out through the two holes it came in at, and the air bubbling out showed the divers where the holes were under the damaged sheathing. The ship was saved in this way. A famous wrecking job was that which attended the stranding of the steamer Iowa off Cherbourg. 'She was bound to this city with 350 pas- sengers. Shortly after stranding she careened and seemed to be lost al- together. A London salvage company sent out an expedition and bor- rowed various appliances from the French government dock yard at Cherbourg. The first thing to 'be done was to raise the ship in an upright position. A number of steel posts or masts were rigged up vertically, and at the top of each was a 'block and the fall. The latter were attached to the masts of the fallen craft, but the ship could not be bulged. Three months later the wreckers increased their power and gear, and after pump- ing the vessel out and making her airtight she practically lifted. herself to an even keel with the rising tide. The attempt that failed cost $20,000, and the second and successful attempt only $15,000. Another extensive wrecking job was that of the Wick Bay, a British steamer, which lay in thirty feet of mud near Kings Lynn for four years, baffling all attempts to remove her. When, at last she was raised 3,280 tons of mud were discharged from her with pumps, tle divers manipulat- ing the suction pipes inside the vessel. The salving of the Markomannia, of the Hamburg-American line, which stranded at Savanilla, United States of Colombia, was' another gigantic task, and was performed by' an American wrecking company. The vessel was tightly wedged in a valley of a coral reefs, which the wreckers had to destroy for a whole mile before they managed to get the vessel off. The case of L'Amerique, one of the many French line ships that have met disaster, is another instance of perseverance and ingenuity on the part of the salvage companies. This vessel went ashore at Long Branch, and it took nine months to float her. She ran so high on the beach that the wreckers had to build a canal 4% of a mile long to 'get her afloat. The Nerito, which stranded on Sable Island; the Elder, which went ashore at the Needles; the Atlas and Wells City, which sunk in the North river, and the Austrian Prince, which stranded at Curacoa, were also subjects of famous wrecking operations. In the floating of the Atlas sixteen chains of 2% in. were used with eight pontoons and immense umps. : eT is very rare indeed," said the marine underwriter to whose atten- tion these cases of salving were recalled, "that a big ship cannot 'be saved." "A MANUAL OF NAVAL ARCHITECTURE," by Sir Wm. H. White, director of naval construction in England, is one of the best- known books of its kind in the world. A fifth edition, revised and largely rewritten, is just out. It is a text book for students of naval architecture. Price $9. The Marine Review Publishing Co., Perry-Payne building, Cleveland. NEW No. 4 VARIETY WOODWORKER. For the benefit of readers in railroad and ship building lines, we illus- trate a machine recently placed on the market by the J. A. Fay & Egan Co. of 325 to 345 West Front street, Cincinnati. large patent variety woodworker. It is the Fay No. 4 This machine, which was specially designed to meet the requirements of rail- =road car and repair shops, ship 'builders, bridge buuders, wag- on manufacturers, etc., is capable of doing very heavy work, as well as the lightest, to a surprising degree of perfection. It will plane out of wind, sur- face straight or taper- ing, rabbet, joint, bevel, gain, chamfer, : : plow, groove, square- up, raise panels, rip, cross-cut and tenon; and being fitted with a boring attachment at the back can be used for all sorts of boring and routing. The tables, which are of iron, planed perfectly true, are of ample size, and can be adjusted independently or simultaneously, and for the purpose of affording access to the cutters can be separated a distance of 15 in. The adjustable fence and bevel rest is always carried with the tables and requires no separate adjustment. It can be moved across the table or set at different angles for beading, cornering or angle planing. The manufacturers, who have a world-wide reputation for turning out high ' grade woodworking machinery, Will be pleased to furnish our readers with prices and full particulars of this or any other machinery, and will also forward their large new illustrated catalogue by express prepaid to manu- facturers and foremen. Under orders from Secretary Long, the monitor being constructed at the Bath Iron Works, recently named the Connecticut, will hereafter be designated officially as "Monitor No. 8," and the name Connecticut will not 'be applied to her. It is understood that this is the result of protests made against applying the state name to a monitor. In deference to these views, which have been somewhat vehemently expressed by Connecticut people, the navy department will return the numerical designation of the vessel. THE KENNEY SYSTEM. FOR FLUSHING WATER-CLOSETS. The best system ever invented for use on steam vessels. No Cup Leathers or Springs. Owners and Constructors of Steamships, Yachts and Steamboats have found it indispensable. " Used by the U. 8. War and Navy Departments-- Transports Grant, Sheridan, Burnside, Terry, Logan, Hooker, Thomas, Sherman and others. Also Al- bany Day Line Steamers, Norfolk & Washington S. 8. Line, Steam Yachts Neaira, Aphrodite and Loando, and new Lake Steamers Illinois, Penn- sylvania, Angeline, etc. TRADE MARK THE KENNEY CO., 72-74 Trinity Place, NEW YORK. = -- 5 Showing application of Flushometer. Send for Catalogue. BIDS FOR A PATROL BOAT. The Ohio Fish and Game Commission will receive bids for the construction of a patrol boat for Lake Brie." Plans and: specifications' may be had on application to the Secretary of above Com- mission, Athens, Ohio. Sealed bids will be received up to 12 o'clock noon, Chittenden Hotel, Columbus, Ohio, Sept. 4th, 1900. All bids should be mailed to the Secretary Ohio Fish and Game Commission, Chitten- den Hotel, Columbus, and any other corre- spondence to same address, Athens, Ohio. The Commission reserves the right to re- ject any or all bids. Aug. 9 Blue Book of American Shipping. 1900 EDITION JUST ISSUED. STANDARD MARINE AND NAVAL DIRECTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. * Particulars of all vessels of the United States and Canada with names and addresses of owners. : Ls A directory of steamship lines with names of purchasing agents and chief engineers. Contains in 500 pages information on shipping subjects collected in the office of the Marine Review during ten years past. ONLY PUBLICATION OF ITS KIND IN AMERICA. Lists of ship and engine builders, dry docks, naval architects, marine engineers, ship masters, dredging concerns, iron mining companies, etc. ONLY RELIABLE COMPILATION OF SHIPPING STATISTICS. BEAUTIFULLY ILLUSTRATED AND SPLENDIDLY PRINTED THROUGHOUT. 1900 EDITION REVISED, ENLARGED AND IMPROVED. PRICE, $5.00. THE MARINE REVIEW PUB. CO., Cleveland, O.