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MARINE REVIEW Entered at Cleveland Post Office as Second-class Mail Matter. Published every Thursday at 418-19 Perry- Payne Bldg., by the Marine Review Pub. Co. VoL. XXIV. CLEVELAND, O., JULY 11, 1901. Foreign $480 8 year. No. 2 STILL TWO MILLIONS SHORT. TONS OF FREIGHT MOVED TO AND FROM LAKE SUPERIOR TO JULY | OF THIS YEAR AS COMPARED WITH THE SAME DATE A YEAR AGO. Quite an important gain was made during June in the movement of freight of all kinds to and from Lake Superior. The tons of freight passing through the canals exceeded four and a half millions, and the month was the greatest in the history of Lake Superior commerce, but there is still a shortage for the season to July 1, as compared with July 1 a year ago, of 1,906,561 tons. The figures representing tons of freight are 6,767,120 to July 1, 1901, 8,673,481 to July 1, 1900, and 6,409,086 to July 1, 1899. The shortage in iron ore is, of course, most noticeable, but in coal and wheat there is also a marked decrease. Of soft coal only 982,411 tons passed up through the canals to July 1 this year, as against 1,422,601 tons to July 1 a year ago. On July 1, 1900, 19,145,392 bushels of wheat had passed down from Lake Superior. The total to July 1 of this year is 9,381,344 bushels. As regards flour and grain other than wheat the movement is about the same as it was a year ago. The com- bined commerce of the two canals, Canadian and United States, is very fully discussed in the following tables: MOVEMENT OF PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF FREIGHT TO AND FROM LAKE SUPERIOR. To July 4; |) fo july 1. To july 1, 1900. ITEMS. ivoi. 1399. Coal, anthracite, net tons............... 196,823 229,052 257,319 Coal, bituminous, net tons............ 982,411 1,422,601 696,227 Tron Ore, net tOns........0.cesssescecereres 4,334,514 5,475, 267 3,917,675 Wheat, bushtels....:.....:ccccsesceccsess-s; 9,381,844 | 19,145,392 | 18,698,691 BIGUr, Darrels.c:. 0. ..vesc.esesssesysccsp eee 1,877,341 1,854,894 1,600,361 REPORT OF FREIGHT AND PASSENGER TRAFFIC TO AND FROM LAKE SUPERIOR, FROM OPENING OF NAVIGATION TO JULY 1 OF EACH YEAR FOR THREE YEARS PAST. EAST BOUND. To July 1, | To July1, | To July 1, ITEMS: Designation. joor. 1900. 1899. COpper oe.seeeeecereeeseeeeens Net tons.... 24,647 42,331 26,135 Grain, other than wheat/ Bushels..... 4,479,685 6,383,774 | 11,478,996 Building stone............ Net tons... 10,494 6,408 1,273 POOL fo orc co csiceseseees Barrels...... 1,877,161 1,854,784 1,600,361 TRON OLE: bocce cc tyes esstns. Net tons... 4,334,514 5,475,267 8,917,675 PROM PUG ss ches tessse eee ss Net tons... 10,953 4,092 8,949 WUD ET oo. ease es cos occa cs M. ft. b. m. 247,772 250,968 264,754 Silver OF s.sco05)e.300+030s INE Goyal te ae or ec os rpes cee scales Gr oe ree WHEAC Ti coissccseresesecteecs Bushels..... 9,381,344 | 19,145,392 | 13,698,691 Unclassified freight .....; Net tons... 9,388 15,282 48,201 PASSENGETS.......2---0s0000¢ Number.... 6,531 6,077 3,615 WEST BOUND. Coal, anthracite.......... Net tons... 196,823 229,052 257,319 Coal, bituminous......... Net tons .. 982,411 1,422,601 696,227 Blouses Uae) Barrels 25 180 110: |... 2.c03.. Boe Grain. <..:<. si ssg lens ire Bushels..... BOBO Seed «ov, 2151533 9,500 Manufactured iron...... Net tons... 28,959 46,901 38,295 ett ooo c ce cass vaccass seri Barrels ..... 172,751 94,215 183,287 Unclassified freight..... Net tons... 139,515 135,285 115,326 Passengers.........:......-- Number ... 7,428 5,210 4,704 SUMMARY OF TOTAL FREIGHT MOVEMENT IN TONS. To July 1, 1901. To July 1, 1900. To July 1, 1899. East bound freight of all kinds, net tons.............. 5,392,954 6,825,444 5,281,821 West bound freight of all kinds, net tons...........:.. 1,374,166 1,848,037 1,127,265 | 6,767,120 | 8,678,481 6,409,086 Total number of vessel passages to July 1, 1901, was 5,300 and the regis- tered tonnage 6,055,909. The Holland Torpedo Boat Co. has notified the William R. Trigg Co., Richmond, Va., that they can do nothing with the submarine boat Plunger. She will be towed to New York and an effort made by the Holland company to equip her with electricity as a motive power. The . sum of $90,000 advanced by the government has been refunded. DEVELOPMENT OF COLONIAL TRADE. Mr. O. P. Austin, chief of the treasury bureau of statistics, has just returned from a brief visit to London, Paris, Berlin, Amsterdam and Brussels, where he went for the purpose of making some statistical studies regarding the commerce of European countries and especially their cormhmerce with, and their development of, their colonies. _ "I was greatly impressed,' said Mr. Austin, "with the interest evinced in colonial questions at all the capitols which I have visited. Each of these five countries has its colonial department or division, with a thoroughly equipped force largely made up of men who have had long experience in the colonies of the countries. In England, the colonial office at the home government interchanges, at intervals, its employees, as far as practicable, with the colony, thus obtaining practical and ex- perienced men in the home office, and keeping a corps of men in train- ing in the colonies. At the Netherlands, whose colonial work is a matter of pride on the part of every citizen of that country, the head of the colonial department has had long experience in Java, the principal Netherland colony, and one which has been eminently successful. In France, the colonial department is extremely active, obtaining large numbers of reports from its colonial officers and distributing information by a specially organized 'bureau for that purpose, and in Germany and Belgium equal interest was manifested. "Everywhere I found great public interest in colonial matters out- side of official circles. In London, for instance, there is a colonial insti- tute, composed of several hundred ex-officials of the colonies and others interested in colonial matters, which has a library of nearly 50,000 volumes and which is in close working relation with the library of the colonial department, also containing 50,000 volumes. The members of the institute hold monthly meetings for the discussion of matters per- taining to the management, commerce, statistics, and prosperity of the colonies and their commercial relations with the mother country. At Paris there is a colonial organization with about 5,000 members, some of whom have had experience in the colonies, others are merchants and business men desiring to keep in constant touch with business condi- tions and opportunities in the colonies and still others who are students of colonial subjects from an economi¢ standpoint. In Germany, although their colonial system is young as compared with those of England, Netherlands or France, the colonial association numbers over 20,000 members, scattered throughout the empire, some of whom are officers and ex-officials, others connected with the army and navy, and many others who are interested in the commercial and agricultural development of the colonies. "The study of colonial conditions and development of the colonies, both as to products and commerce, is encouraged by all the governments. which control territory of this character. The French government main- tains an educational institution devoted exclusively to colonial studies and the training of men for the colonial service; admission to its classes is obtained through competitive examinations, the term of study is three years, and the instructors are men of high standing both in colonial ex- perience and iri the study of economics. While the primary object of this institution is to. educate men for the colonial service, those who prefer at the end of .their term to devote their efforts to the commercial and "agricultural development of the colonies may. do so. The Netherlands "government also maintainsva training school, similar in general character, 'and the English governnrent has a somewhat similar system for the training of men for service in India and the colonies. "In nearly all of the countries in question there are excellent and interesting colonial museums, devoted to the exhibition of not only the products of the colonies, but also the articles required by their popula- tion, and in many cases they are accompanied by admirable statistical statements showing the growth in production of the principal articles, and the growth in exports from, and imports into, the colonies. Each of the governments maintains a statistical service by which the commerce of the colonies is carefully studied and the share which the mother coun- try supplies of the imports, or receives of the exports, carefully tabulated, the receipts and expenditures of the colonies and of the home government on account of them recorded, and the growth of agricultural, commercial and educational conditions noted. "Especial attention is given in all cases to the ability of the colony to meet the commercial wants of the mother country. Countries which do not produce within their own borders the foodstuffs and raw materials required by their population encourage the production in the colonies of the articles thus required at home, while the countries which produce their own foodstuffs or raw materials look to the colonies for the tropical products which they cannot produce at home and encourage the pro- duction of those articles in the colonies and their distribution in the mother country. The investment of home capital in the colonies is thus encouraged through the assurance given that the products of those colo- nies will find a ready market in the mother country; the manufacturers and producers of the mother country are, in turn, assured of an enlarged market in the colonies through the increased consuming power which accompanies their increased production and sales, and the general pros- perity of the colonies. through increased production, larger markets and better roads, railways and improved educational facilities, is thus assured." Quite a few changes among draftsmen in the navy department have been made since Rear Admiral Francis T. Bowles was made chief con- structor. Friends of Mr. Gilbert Kirby, who was with the Globe Iron Works Co. of Cleveland some years ago, will be pleased to learn that he now occupies the position of chief draftsman under Rear Admiral Bowles. Rear Admiral Norman H. Farquhar, accompanied by Com. Walter Dunlap, is making a tour of the lakes.