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1901.) MARINE REVIEW. iy LIST OF OFFICERS REWARDED FOR BRAVERY. The navy department has issued a general order publishing a list of officers and men to whom commendatory letters have been written by the secretary of the navy and also a list of those to whom medals of honor have been awarded. The following officers and men have received com- mendatory letters: First Lieut. J. L. Latimer, U. S. N., for gallant con- duct at Pekin. Seaman Emil Sjogreen, specially mentioned, and the fol- lowing men of the Marine Corps, for service with the legation guard at Pekin: Sergts. Frank B. Taylor, Alexander J. Foley, Harmon '€. Skinner and Patrick C. Sullivan; Corporals Arthur Kennedy, Joseph Rogers and J. F. Abdill; Privates Charles Fields, George E. McCoy, Adrian Curet, Walter A. Greenleaf, Henry Gardiner and Julius Sand- fanander. These men received letters for conspicuous conduct in battle near Tientsin on June 21, 1900: Naval Cadet C. A. Woodward, for running hawser around stern post of Saturnis under heavy fire in harbor of San Fernando, Aug. 2, 1899; Naval Cadets J. W. L. '(Clement and A. F.°H. Yates, for conduct off coast of Samar, June and July, 1900; Seamen'E. M. Svenssona and Daniel Donoghue and Boatswain's Mate Oscar Huit- fieldt, for bravery in attempt to save life of drowning man in Manila bay, Aug. 5, 1900; Ensign W. H. Standley and Quartermaster John Lysaght, for their conduct in a reconnoitering expedition at Balar, P. I., April 11, 1899; Lieut.-Col. George F, Elliott, marine corps, and his force, for con- duct in an engagement at Noveletti, Oct. 17, 1899; Assistant Surgeon Carey D. Langhorne, for conduct in the presence of the enemy at Novel- etti, on Oct. 8, 1899; Naval Cadet H. L. Brinser, for his conduct in the presence of the enemy in Subig bay, Sept. 23, 1899; Ensign H. C. Mustin, for special efficiency at the capture of Vigan and for swimming through surf twice in order to get messages to and from Gen. Young at St. Thomas, Luzon, in December, 1899; Lieut. E. L. Bisset and Clerk E. P. M. Damm of the navy for their conduct on a trip from Sibutu island to Jolo in September of 1899; Coal Passer Albert H. Ryan for jumping overboard from the Manila in June, 1900, to assist a liberty man. Ensign O. S. Kneeper, for conspicuous conduct in the engagement at Ajui, Pana. and at the capture of Rompblon, December, 1899; Ensign 'G. T. Pettingill, for skill, courage and efficiency at Tientsin in June, 1900; Ensign W. C. Davidson, for conduct in handling gunboat Paragua while under fire and for his conspicuous conduct at the engagement at Ajui and at the cap- ture of Rompblon, and Ensign A. H. McCarthy, a highly commendatory letter for his skill, courage and good judgment in handling the gunboat Calamanes in the Agusan river, Mindanao, Feb. 26, 1901. Each of the following privates in the marine corps has received a letter for his work in assisting in barricades at Manila, July and August, 1900: John Butts, Charles B. Hobbs, Herman Kerm, Fred B. Moody, mace ined C. Mullin, Martin L. Mueller, Richard Quinn and Charles . White. For their conduct in the presence of the enemy at Pekin, in July and August, 1900, these privates from the marine corps have received com- mendatory letters: John A. Mann, Robert M. Babbett, Gottleib Brosi, Edward J. Donovan, Henry C. Gallagher, Harry Gold, Thomas F. Hall, James J. Lavin, Jacob C. E. Martin and Fred J. Tinkler. For meritorious conduct in Samoa in 1899, Passed Assistant Surgeon G. A. Lung. The following have been awarded medals of honor: Daniel Daly, private, marines, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in battle at Pekin, Aug. 14, 1900; Chief Boatswain's Mate Joseph Clancey, Boatswain's Mates edward Allen and William E. Holycoke; Coxswains John McClery, Jay Williams, Francis Ryan and Karl Thomas; Gunner's Mates John P. Chatham and Martin T. Torgarson; Machinist Burke Hanford, Chief Carpenter's Mate William F. Hamberger, Seamen Hans A. Hansen, and George Rose, Ordinary Seaman William H. Seach, Landsmen James Smith and Joseph Radtecloy and Oijer Frank E. Smith of the navy, and Gunnery Sergeant Peter Stewart, Corporal Reuben J. Philips and Private Harry W. Orendorff of the marine corps, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in battles on the 18th, 20th, 21st and 22d of June, 1900, while with the relief expedition under Vice-Admiral Seymour. Private Marines Thomas W. Kates, Alfred R. Campbell, Charles R. Francis and Clarence F. Mathias, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in the advance on Tientsin, June 21, 1900; Private Marine James Cooney, for distinguished conduct in the battle of July 18, 1900, at Tientsin; Sergts. John M. Adams and Alexander J. Fo- ley and 'Corporal Harry C. Adriance of marine corps, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in battle near Tientsin, July 13. 1900; Sergeant of Marines Clarence E. Sutton, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy assisting to carry a wounded officer from the field under heavy fire at the battle of Tientsin, July 13, 1900; Gunner's Mate Joseph S. Mitchell, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in battle of Pekin, July 12, 1900; Hospital Apprentice Robert Stanley, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in volun- teering to carry messages under fire at Pekin, July 12, 1900; Gunner's Mate Andrew V. Stoltenberg, Apprentice William H. Jaeger and Seaman Andrew P. Forbeck, for distinguished conduct in the presence of. the enemy in battle, July 16, 1900, in Samara, Philippine islands; Corporal Thomas F. Prendergast, Privates Howard M. Buckley and Joseph Melvin of the marine corps, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in battle with the eighth army corps on the 25th, 27th and 29th of March, and the 4th of April, 1899; Sergeant Hardy Harvey, marine corps, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy at Benictican, Feb. 16, 1900; Sergts. Michael J. McNally and Bruno A. Forsterer. Private Henry L. Hulbert and Gunner's Mate Frederick T. Fisher, for ao conduct in the presence of the enemy in Samoa, April 1, For distinguished conduct at the battle of Pekin, June 20 to July 16, 1900, Sergt. E, A. Walker, Corporal John O. Dahlgren and Privates Mar- tin Hunt and F. A. Young of marine corps; Privates Erwin J. Boydston, William C. Portner, Albert Moore, Herbert I. Preston, David J. Scan- nell and Oscar Upham of marine corps, for distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in erecting barricades under heavy fire, July 21 to Aug. 17, 1900. A medal of honor is also to be sent to the heirs of Private of Marines Fisher, who was killed while participating in the work of the marines just mentioned. Drummer John A. Murphy and Privates William I. Carr, Henry W. Davis, Louis R. Gaienne and William Zion of the marine corps, for dis- tinguished conduct at Pekin, July 21 to Aug. 17, 1900. For distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy at Pekin, June 28 to Aug. 17, Chief Machinist Carl E. Peterson and Seaman Axel Westermark of the navy and Private of Marines France Silva. The order also says that Capts, Charles G. Long, B. H. Fuller and Philip M. Bannon and First Lieuts. John F. McGill and Robert F. Wynne of the marine corps, with the men under their respective com- mands, merit and receive the commendation of the department for their gallant, meritorious and courageous conduct in the battle of Tientsin, July 18, 1900. MORE PROSPEROUS CONDITION OF RAILWAYS. The thirteenth statistical report of the interstate commerce commission, dealing with the railways of the United States for the year ended June 30, 1900, has just been issued. Its leading figures are of interest as show- ing the general prosperity of the country as reflected by the railroads. The number of railways in hands of receivers on June 30, 1900, was fifty- two, there being a net decrease of nineteen as compared with the corres- ponding date of the previous year. The number of railways placed in the hands of receivers during the year was sixteen and the number removed from their management was thirty-five. The operated mileage of the roads under receivers on June 30, 1900, was 4,177.91, of which 3,640.32 miles were owned by them. The capital stock represented by railways under receivership on June 30, 1900, was $108,096,855, funded debt $107,- 393,022, and current liabilities $35,531,620. These figures show a decrease in capital stock represented, as compared with the previous year, of $112,113,833, and in funded debt of $109,093,718. On June 30, 1900, the total single track mileage of 2,028 railways in the United States was 193,345.78 miles, an increase during the year of 4,051.12 miles. This is a greater increase than that of any other year since 1893. The aggregate length of railway mileage, including tracks of all kinds, was 259,788.07 miles. It takes 1,017,653 men to operate the railways of the United States, an increase of 88,729 during the fiscal year. The average is 529 employes per 100 miles of line. There were 37,663 locomotives in the service of the railways on June 30, 1900, or 960 more than the year previous. Of the total number reported 9,863 are classed as passenger locomotives, 21,596 as freight locomotives, 5,621 as switching locomotives, and 583 are not classified. The total number of cars of all classes (not private cars) in the service of the railways on the same date was 1,450,838, an increase of 74,922. The amount of railway capital outstanding on the date of the report was $11,491,034,960. This amount assigned to a mileage basis represents a capitalization of $61,490 per mile of line. Of this amount $5,845,579,593 existed in the form of stock, of which $4,522,291,838.was common stock and $1,323,287,755 preferred stock. The amount which existed in the form of funded debt was $5,645,455,367. This amount was classified as mort- gage bonds, $4,900,626,823; miscellaneous obligations, $464,983,341; in- come bonds, $219,536,883; and equipment trust obligations, $60,308,320. The amount of current liabilities not included in the foregoing capital . statement was $594,787,870, or $3,183 per mile of line. a The number of passengers carried during the year, as shown by the annual reports of railways, was 576,865,230, showing an increase for the year of 53,688,722. The number of passengers carried one mile--that is, passenger mileage--was 16,039,007,217, there being an increase in this item of 1,447,679,604. There was an increase in the density of passenger traffic, as the number of passengers carried one mile per mile of line in 1900 was 83,295, and. in 1899°%7,821. . The number of tons of freight carried during the year was 1,101,680,- , an increase of 141,916,655 being shown. The number of tons of reight carried one mile--that is, ton mileage--was 141,599,157,270. The increase in the number of tons carried one mile was 17,931,900,117. The number of tons carried one mile per mile of line was 735,366. These figures show an increase in the density of freight traffic of 75,801 tons carried one mile per mile of line. PRELIMINARY PLANS OF BATTLESHIPS. Secretary Long has given out the majority report of the naval board of construction on the design of the two battleships authorized by the last naval act. The report is merely preliminary, as the disposition of armament has not yet been agreed upon. The plans of the battleship as submitted are as follows: Length 450 ft., beam 76 ft., mean draught, 24 ft. 6 in., displacement 15,560 tons. .This displacement will give a ship considerably larger than anything in the present navy. The hull alone will weigh about 7,000 tons, while the protective armor will be about 3,700 tons. The total coal capacity will be about 2,000 tons; total load dis- placement 16,900 tons; deep load draught of 26 ft. 4 in.; 19 knots speed, and an indicated horse power of 20,000. The battery recommended by the majority is to consist of four 12-in. guns in two 10-in. armored turrets, twenty 7-in. guns in casemates and twenty 3-in. guns. Each of the 7-in. guns is inclosed in individual armor. The 12-in. guns are located on the gun deck, in a central casemate battery. The machinery is protected by a 10-in. armor belt, tapering to 4 in. fore-and-aft beyond the machinery space, and the other protection consists of armor 7 and 6 in. thick except on the 12-in. turrets, where it is 10 in. thick. DIVISION ON THE:SUBJECT OF ARMAMENT. The majority and minority reports of the naval board of construction on the question of the batteries of the two battleships for which plans are to be submitted to congress have been laid before the secretary of the navy. Rear Admirals O'Neil, Melville and Bowles signed the majority report. They want the main battery to consist of four 12-in. rifles, ar- ranged in two ordinary turrets, one forward and the other aft, and broad- sides of 7-in. guns behind the armored sides of the vessel. A number of 3-in. guns are provided for also. Rear-Admiral Bradford and Capt. Sigsbee, who signed the minority report, recommend the superposed turret, which they say has given satisfaction and enables a ship to give a better account-of herself in action than ships with ordinary turrets. They want two superposed turrets, one forward and the other aft, each contain- ing two 12-in. and two 8-in. rifles, or eight in all; two waist turrets of the ordinary type, each containing two 8-in. rifles, and broadsides of 6-in. rapid-fire rifles.