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32 MARINE REVIEW THE AUGUSTUS B.' WOIWIN SETTLED ON AN EVEN KEEI,. 32 ft. amidships. This magnificent vessel has, several new and interesting features in her construction, the principal one of which is probably the shape of the cargo hold. This is built in the form of a hopper, with sides that slope from the main deck down to the tank top and the ends built on the same slope. The hopper extends in one continuous length of -- 409 ft. without bulkheads or divisions of any kind, and in width it measures at the top 43 ft. and at the bottom 24 ft. The space between the sides of the ship and the sides of the hopper is used for water ballast, so that the water ballast, as well as being in the usual double bottom underneath the hopper," extends up the sides to the height of the main deck stringer. This construction was adopted to accommodate the use of automatic clam shells in unloading the cargo and while it serves this purpose, it also serves to make a stronger ves- sel. Another feature of the construction is the fact of the ordinary hold' stanchions being dispensed with, and in their place a system of girder arches is substituted to support the upper, deck as well as the sides of the vessel. There are thirty-three "cargo hatchways' on the 'spar deck, each one measuring 33 ft. by 9 ft. in the clear, and spaced 12 ft. apart centers, so that it will be possible for the clam shells. to unload the vessel /entirely without any hand shoveling. These hatchways 'are fitted with a patented system of' steel plate sliding hatch covers, operated by steam engines and shafting, so that no manual labor is required for the opening and closing of the hatch covers. The spar deck is continuous and flush from stem to stern, and the only erections on it are the pilot house and texas forward, and the coamings aroind the engine and boiler openings and dining room skylight aft. The water ballast space is divided into numerous compuart- ments by water-tight athwartship bulkheads fitted at intervals of about 60 ft., and the total ballast capacity is about 8,000 tons of water. The cubical capacity in the cargo hold of this immense vessel is about 500,000 cubic feet, which is equal to 401,000 bushels of grain, or to 12,500 tons of coal. On the spar deck are six 8 x 10 inch single drum engines, carrying each a steel wire mooring line for the usual mooring and warping purposes. In fact, steam has been used wherever possible to displace manual labor. There is a steam windlass fitted for handling the two 8,o00-pound anchors, and a steam capstan on the spar deck aft.. She will be fully equipped with electric lights throughout and has duplicate plants so that there will always be one to fall. back on in case of the other giving out. In the forward end of the vessel, immediately under the pilot house and texas, there are five staterooms for owners and their families, also accommodations for their private gal- ley, dining room and social parlor; also, two toilet rooms. They are entirely set apart from the crew's quarters and will be. luxuriously furnished and fitted out. The ship's officers are accommodated on the deck immediately below the own- er's quarters, and the engine room officers are quartered alongside of the engine at the after .end of the vessel, where is also located the kitchen, dining room and mess room for the crew. The propelling machinery, as is usual in lake vessels, is located in the extreme after end of the boat. The main engine is of the quadruple four-crank type, with cylinders 18% in., 28% in. 43% in. and 66 in. diameter, each having 42 in. stroke of pistons, and they are designed for an indi- cated horse power of 2,000 when making 80' revolutions per minute. The cylinders are arranged from forward in the following order: High-pressure, first-intermediate, second- intermediate and: low-pressure. The high-pressure is fitted with a liner secured in the usual way. The valves of the high, first and second intermediate are of the piston type, placed in front of their respective cylinders, and driven by Toy" radial valve gear. The low-pressure cylinder is fitted with a double-ported slide valve on the after end, operated by double bar Stephenson link motion. The ved-plate is of the girder type, of box section, in two pieces, bolted together, and has five main bearings lined with white metal. There are four back and five front columns, the former acting as guides for the crossheads. The piston rods are of steel 53% in. diameter, and the connecting rods of hammered iron 9 ff long between centers, with wedge adjustment at top, and "T" ends with bolts at bottom. The crossheads are of cast steel, keyed to piston rods and fitted with steel crosshead pins, secured with double taper and nut. The slippers are of bronze of large surface and easily adjustable. The crank shaft which, with its four cranks is built without couplings, is 1214 in, diameter. The crank pins are each 12% in. diameter by 1314 in, long.