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R FE V Ace 3 >| Section of Lop Standard X : Plan, Standard ele ie yee ae S00 00 ee Mean en Level = eee SM a i AUT 2 oe =u -- wu 2it Sw nA == Y pe Sam ZZ SS Se SSS aia MES oes A San re Sa = rm one Ra SZ SEZ ZF} ZH =i Smif me rr ae ao San eS ih -- SS am fai ut = Sn PS a, sos ll V/A 1S SE Oo Sa SS mam tay Mite =~ ---------- SSS mine oS --= nm eau a --S Sm ASS Se Le : a Ja ia SS WS | Bottom of Cava Eront Elevation Cee CO Se WW ' Section . Under Brown Hoist FIG. 4.--DETAILS OF DOCK CONSTRUCTION. mean lake level. The top soil is a peaty marsh deposit averag- ing some four or five feet thick. Below these deposits the material is clay to the underlying rock which has an elevation varying from 20 to 30 ft. below mean lake level. The rock is Niagara shale. The furnaces are built parallel with the canal and about 300 ft. therefrom. Between the canal and the furnaces is the ore yard to be covered and commanded by Brown hoists, elec- tric man trollies, with 5-ton grab buckets similar to those on FIG. the Carnegie dock at Conneaut. I.--FRONT VIEW OF DOCK, SHOWING ALSO FURNACES AND BROWN HOIST. ---- a The canal is cut through the material above briefly described. Along the property of the iron company the rock, by a rather remarkable and fortunate coincidence, lies at an average depth almost exactly corre- sponding with the projected bottom of the canal. At the western end of the property there is a rock cut of about four feet which at the eastern end the rock dips below canal bot- tom about four to five feet. To outline and limit the canal, retain as soft material and furnish a wharf for shipping to lie at unloading ore., etc., and for ordinary commercial purposes a crib dock is being built and is nearly completed along the entire canal front of the iron company. _ This crib dock is 20 ft. wide and is founded directly on the bed rock where this is at or above a level of two feet below canal bottom. Where the depth of rock is greater it is cleaned of all soft material and a bed of concrete put in somewhat wider than the crib and to an elevation of 2 ft. below canal bottom. To overcome the tendency of the concrete to slip on the more or less greasy bed rock under the pressure of the earth backing iron bolts 2 in. in diameter are sunk into the rock and project up into the concrete. The crib dock as built is shown: on the line drawing ~ Fig. 4. It is an open work structure of hemlock below the water line and yellow pine and oak above and all filled with the rock excavated from the canal. Along in front of the ore yard the dock will carry the front leg of the Brown hoists and this portion of the dock is strengthened to provide for this load. To hold the dock against slipping on the bed rock heavy old car axles are imbedded in the rock and project up just in front of either the front or rear walls of the cribs. The cribs are also tied back by heavy iron rods either to anchor piles specially driven or to the Diles supporting the concrete ore yard.:*>.- Fig. 1 herewith gives a front view. ot "es Phe anda general view of a portion of the furnaces, and of one of the Brown hoists which span the ore yard in process of erection. The portion of the canal shown in the, photograph is excavated to its ultimate depth, The bottom is rock and it is seen how the rock beneath the cribs and above canal bottom diminishes CRIB WORK 31 FT. HIGH.