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until you got St. Mary's river lower ranges in line? 240. Give true bearing and distance of Cedar Pt. gas buoy from Pt Au Pins lighthouse? QUESTIONS FOR OILERS AND WATERTENDERS.--NO. 18. 170. What is the largest diameter allowed for a safety valve for marine boilers? 171. What will be the diameter of 'a safety valve for a boiler carrying 75 lbs. pressure with (2) furnaces five feet six inches long and three feet wide? 172. Required the working pres- sure on a cylindrical shell of a water- tube boiler: shell having holes four inches diameter spaced eight inches apart in a line from head to head. Material, one inch thick; diameter of shell, 20 in.; tensile strength, 60,000 Ibs. per square inch. 173. What pressure would be al- lowed on a tubular boiler which had stood the initial hydrostatic test of 600 Ibs. per square inch? 174. Of what constriction must pipe mains for conducting water from fire pumps to loose connections be made of? - 175. A. circulating pump 1114 in. diameter, 12-in. stroke, making 60 revolutions per minute, how many tons of sea water will it lift per hour, pump being 1-6 empty, each stroke? 176. A plunger 13 in. diameter has a travel of 181 ft. per minute, at what velocity will the water travel through a discharge pipe six inches diameter. 177. Two bunkers are to be built to hold 75 tons' of soft coal, each bunker to be 14 ft. deep and six feet ~ eight inches wide, what height must each be? 178. If the consumption of fuel is 14 tons pen hour to maintain a speed of 11 miles per hour, what will be the amount consumed during a run of 468 miles? 179. The consumption of coal per day is 25 tons, the average Lol, &. is 1,600, what will be the consumption per I. H. P. per hour? FREIGHT SITUATION. Navigation was seriously impeded th's week by an ice blockade in St. Marys river and it looked as though a number of boats would be forced into winter quarters at the Sault. The barge Con- nelly Bros. blocked the channel at the dyke and -large quantities of ice from Hay lake filled it to the bottom from the foot of the dyke to the turning point in Little Mud lake. Tugs were unable to make any impression upon it. Pres- ident Harry Coulby, of the Pittsburg Steamship Co., after wiring Capt. W. 'TAE MarRINE REVIEW W. Smith, marine superintendent in charge of operatiors for releasing the vessels, to use every means to get the fleet in motion, left for Sault Ste. Marie himself. Weather conditions moderated on Wednesday, however, and the chan- nel was opened. It is likely to close again at any moment. 'Thirty-nine down-bound vessels were detained by the jam, while a number of up-bound coal vessels, originally consigned to the head of the lakes, were transferred to Lake Michigan ports. With the excep- tion of a belated or fugitive cargo, the present week will see the close of nav- igation. . The market is closing very quietly indeed, though $1.00 has been paid on a few coal cargoes. Following are the ore shipments by ports for November, and for the. sea- son up to Dee, 17, Nov. Nov. Poth: 1905. 1906. Escanaba 03... 630,463 748,912 Marquette: 200i: 294,040 2335933 Ashland (7 e ees ee 426,346 284,507 Superior 2,05 cae eae 468,827 626,633 Dt reece 871,730 1,142,959 wo) Harbors as 3 ics 649,823 697,223 3,341,229 3,734,167 1906 increase 392,938 To Dec. 1, To Dec. 1, Port. 1905. 1906. | Escanaba -o2 ds es 5,176,385 53716,272 Marouette: 40s ta ces 2,925,250 2,743,219 Ashland Suge eee 3,460,120 $5333,501 DUPELION cee. = wees 5,043,234 5,979,378 Dihith eee 8,767,706 11,098,175 Anw.os Har borsias ocaes oc 7,699,149 8,102,397 : 33,071,844 36,973,002 1906 increase 3,901,158 Following were the grain shipments from Duluth for the week ending Dec. 8: Receipts. Shipments. Dec. 8. Dec. 1. : Dec. 8. Dec. 1 Wheat 1,438,389 2,246,364 3,917,290 2,672,592 Corn See gue Suen Te oC TR GL yee ena ee Oats 73,510 685975 305.573. 176,533 Barley 340,816 488,524 679,807 741,200 Rye 9,230 18420): 16 aati. Flax 734,450 820,876 1,304,985 2,980,800 STEAMER. IRELAND STRANDED. The steel steamer R. L. Ireland stranded on Gull Island Reef, Lake Superior, in practically the same place that the big steamer Wom... (Gorey went ashore in the big. November gale last year.. The Ireland stranded in a blinding snow storm while enroute to Duluth with a cargo of coal. The Ire- land is a new boat, having been built in 1903. The tugs Crosby and Manis- tique went to the scene of the wreck at: once, but were unable to do much owing to heavy weather. Capt. James Reid, who has charge of the work of releasing the steamer Ire- land, says that the steamer is in worse shape than the Corey was when she stranded at the same point last year. The vessel is on her entire length, but is not twisted. She lies on a bed of rock and boulders and one side is in bad shape, with tanks all punctured. The steamer Wm. P. Snyder is in the Ecorse dry dock for repairs. ; 31 AROUND THE GREAT LAKES. The. Buffalo Transit Co. was incor- porated last week to operate a line of steamboats. Fire broke out in the steamer Walter Vail while enroute to Milwaukee, but the damage was slight. The steamer Frontenac set in at Ecorse, having lost her smokestack in crossing Lake Erie. The sunken steamer Comfort has been raised at Marine City and taken to Wallaceburg for repairs. The Detroit & Buffalo .- steanier Western States was. placed in the De- troit dry dock for rudder repairs last week, Navigation closed at Marquette on the ioth by the sailing of the steamers Centurion afd Livingstone for Cleve- land. : The grand lodge of the Ship Mas- ters' Association will hold its con- vention at Toledo during the last week in January. While going in for shelter in the thick snow, the steamer Italia and barge Amazon grounded in the bay at Mackinaw City. The steamer James Laughlin, which stranded twice on the Lime Kiln crossing last week, was taken to De- troit for survey. The season of the Detroit & Cleve- land Navigation Co. closed on Mon- day night. Both steamers are winter- ing in Detroit. The Western Transit Co. has been awarded $5,000 for services rendered to the steamer Peter White while dis- abled in Lake Superior last year. The Canadian Pacific railway has announced that it will build three new steamers for lake traffic between Fort William and Owen Sound. The eight 600-ft. steamers of the Pitts- burg Steamship Co. will winter at South Chicago. Placed end to end those eight steamers will reach nearly one mile. . The steamer Binghampton, of the Union line, bound down with package freight from Chicago, is ashore two miles northeast of Skillagalee light. . The executive committee of the Great Lakes Towing Co., has declared a dividend of 2 per cent on common stock to be paid January 15. Books close on Dec. 15. The Pittsburg & Conneaut Dock Co., - Conneaut, O. is putting in some concrete dock construction and _ is adding a large storage bridge to its present equipment. The Merchants' Montreal Line of Montreal, which has purchased the Anchor line steamer India, will give the steamer a thorough overhaul ng this winter at considerable expense and will rename her City of Toronto.