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28 MARINE REVIEW AND MARINE RECORD. NEW ENGINEERING BUILDINGS, UNIVERSITY OF MICH. One of the articles of interest_in the current quarterly issue of the Journal of the American Society of. Naval Engineers upon the subject "The New Engineering Buildings, Si ieee Michigan," by Mortimer E. Cooley, professor of -- = gineering. In the article Prof. Cooley says that the o -- ~ eering school in the country is West Point, founded in 1602. ee was followed in 1835 by the Rensselaer Polytechnic inst Troy, N. Y., and in 1845 by Union college, Schenectady. In 1 oa a course in engineering was founded in the Lawrence Scientific school at Harvard university and in 1847 in the Sheffield scien- tific school at Yale. The engineering department of the Cee of Michigan dates back to the year 1852, although in the act o the legislature of March 18, 1837, one of the sections nape that there shall be established in the university a "professorship of civil engineering and architecture." The engineering depart- ment of the University of Michigan may therefore be ranked as one of the oldest in the country. : : In 1880 the number of engineering students at the university was less than fifty. At that time only civil engineering was taught, but now the curriculum embraces courses in civil, mechanical, electrical, chemical and marine engineering, as well as a special course in naval architecture. In 1890 the attendance in the en- gineering schools of the university was 159; in 1900 it had risen to about 300, and today there are over 600 students, with a pros- pective attendance in 1903-04 of 700 to 800. This rapid and continual growth makes clear the reason for the construction of an engineering building. Work on this build- ing was begun in July, 1902, and it is expected to be ready for oc- cupancy late in the year 1903-04. At present the walls are up @ [Aug. 13, Is are prepared in the model room, adjoining the Se ee So use paraffine wax for these, as this ma. terial is easily handled. The models are first cast roughly to the desired dimensions and afterwards cut by special machinery to the desired shape. After being finished they are carefully meas. ured so as to obtain a trustworthy record of their exact form, Numerous other experiments in connection with ships will also be conducted, such - eS showing the effect of bilge keels on i speed of ships. or ea of the east wing contains the physical and cement-testing laboratories. Shower, baths are provided next to the wash room for those engaged in specially dirty work, like bee north wing contains the hydraulic and steam laboratories with a sub-basement under a part of the latter for convenience in collecting and weighing water from condensers above. The boiler room extension from this wing to the north is designed for special work with the high-pressure steam and superheating de- vices. A canal 4 ft. wide and 14 ft. 6 in. deep extends across the middle of the hydraulic laboratory. Water enters this canal from the sluice under the naval tank, and will be delivered by a centri- fugal pump into a return canal leading back to the sluice. The canals are provided with slots to contain screens and bulkheads, in which orifices of various shapes and sizes may be found. A dry pit is provided at one side of the canal and separated from it by a bulkhead. In this pit the conditions existing in the canal during a test can be observed. The centrifugal pump will have a capacity of about 10 cu. ft. a second. Two weighino tanks. each holding Goo cu. ft., will also be provided for calibrating purposes. Rotary and piston pumps of at least 1,000,000 gallons capacity are also contemplated. These, together with a pressure tank designed for New Engineering Buildings, University of Michigan. and the roof will be in place Sept. 1. The building will be a handsome structure, by far the largest on the campus. The lower . story is of Bedford limestone in fairly large blocks, with deep reveals, presenting a solid and substantial appearance. Imposing stone arches project boldly from the building at the ends of the arcade, which is also of stone, with massive pilasters surmounted with groined arches. The main entrances are in this arcade. Small windows covered with heavy grille work, iron lanterns hanging from the keystones, and a tesselated floor must give the archway an imposing and beautiful effect. Above the first story the walls are to be of a reddish-brown paving brick with stone capitals at the head of the pilasters. The roof is to be covered with a red tile. The windows are to be of plate glass and very large. The outer walls are to be 1,100 ft. around. The ground floor, exclu- sive of outside and inside walls, contains 25,800 sq. ft.; the second floor, 23,300 sq. ft.; the third floor, 23,200 sq. ft.; and the fourth floor, 20,300 sq. ft.; making a total of 92,600 sq. ft. On the ground floor the whole of the south wing will be de- voted to laboratory work in electrical engineering. One of the larger rooms will contain direct-current, 'the other alternating current machinery. This laboratory is designed to cover the dif- ferent branches of applied electricity. One special feature will be a separate laboratory for telegraph and telephone engineering, in which modern telegraph apparatus, including the quadruplex apparatus, and modern telephone exchanges, both manual and automatic, will be arranged for experimental work. _ The east side of the wing contains the naval tank, 300 ft. long, 22 ft. wide and 11 ft. 6 in. deep, with 10 ft. of water. A sluice extends along the bottom the entire length. The tank will be used in connection with the courses in naval architecture and marine engineering. It will afford means for a thorough investi- gation on various forms of ships. For this purpose models of from 10 to 12 ft. in length will be towed by the traveler, upon which is mounted a suitable dynamometer. The speed of the traveler can be varied to any desired extent and the resistance of the model at the different speeds determined by the dynamome- ter. It is intended to carry out a series of systematic investiga- tions upon a great variety of ships' forms, so that the best form tor any given set of conditions may be determined. Upon the traveler will also be mounted apparatus for testing propellers of various types and designs, both alone and in connection with a modern vessel. Up to the present time most experiments of this character have been carried out in government tanks and a great part of the results obtained have necessarily been kept se- 250 Ibs. pressure, will afford means for nozzle and motor tests. This pressure tank will extend through the second story. A mezzanine floor will be built above the weighing tanks in the north half of the hydraulic laboratory for additional machinery and apparatus. : es In the steam laboratory, besides the usual machinery, it 1s designed to install a 300 H. P. vertical multiple-expansion engine with reheating receivers, all adapted for special investigations on the action of steam under pressure as high as 500 lbs. per square inch, including superheated steam. Steam turbines are also con- templated. : ae Plans have been made for a refrigerating plant. This will serve for tests on mechanical refrigeration, and also provide means for maintaining low temperatures in cold rooms in the physical testing laboratories for investigating the effect of low temperatures on materials. A variety of experiments on somewhat new lines will be made possible by this plant. It is believed that very useful information may be thus obtained. At each main entrance from the archway, at the north end of the east corridor and in the west end of the north wing, stairs lead to the second floor. The main stairs are of marble, the others of iron. The principal feature of the second floor is the library at the front of the central building, over the walk. 'This is a fine room, 30 by 53 ft., with paneled ceiling and walls and arched alcoves for books. Two large fireplaces, window and alcove seats, and desks built into the walls, should make the room a cozy head- quarters for the students between classes or while waiting to see the dean or the secretary, whose offices are across the corridor. The south side of the south. wing, it is expected, will furnish, class rooms in civil engineering, while those at the west end, to- gether with the drawing room on the north side, will go to elec- trical engineering. The east side rooms of the east wing have been arranged for mechanical engineering, while those opposite are for laboratory or research work. The small testing room on this floor commu- uicates with the testing room below by means of an open hatch through which the columns of a 600,000-Ib. testing machine rise from below. The entire north wing on this floor will be devoted to labora- tory work. This will include, among other things, gas engines, air compressors and water wheels. An open tank of 750 cu. It. capacity 1s supported near the ceiling and is supplied by the cen- trifugal pump. This tank will form the forebay for a variety of water wheels which will be arranged for demonstration and tests.