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40 the plan goes into effect, and the char- acter of the advisory committee, com- posed, as it isy of the foremost and most active lake operators and man- agers from Duluth to Buffalo, on both the American and the Canadian sides, assure effectiveness in the carrying out of the plan by the committee and their full support by the owners. This plan and its working out in no sense or degree interferes with or af- fects the owner's placing the 95 per cent of his insurance valuation precise- ly as he has done heretofore, and leaves the insurance business of the lakes to be conducted precisely as it always has 'been, except that from that regular course of business this 5 per cent is withheld and put into this ar- rangement to aid the purpose of the general plan. DRINKING ENOUGH WHISKY TO FLOAT A BATTLESHIP. The Scientific American in a reply to a correspondent in "Notes and Queries" explains at some length how the common saying that "drinking enough whisky to float a battleship" does not involve any great feat of absorption, not more than a few gallons in fact. Briefly, the vol- ume, or amount, of the fluid surrounding the vessel has nothing whatever to do with the problem. It is the height, or depth, of water above the ship's bot- tom, which balances her weight, by exert- . ing a pressure on her bottom correspond: ing to the height of the column of water. As an illustration, suppose a ship 200 ft. long, 30 ft. breadth, witha draught of 10 ft. For simplicity suppose the ship to be a rectangular box. The weight of the ship is just equal to that of the volume of water displaced, which is found by calculating the volume in cubic feet of the immersed body and multiplying by the weight of a cubic foot of water, which for fresh water is 62.4 lbs. Thus we have 200 X 30 X 10 X 624 = 3,744. 000 Ibs. | The weight of a column of water 1 in. sq. and 1 ft. high is 0.433 lIbs., or, 10 ft. high, 4.33 lbs. Therefore we have a pressure on each square inch of the ship's bottom of 433 Ibs. The area of: her bottom is '200 X 30 X 144 = 864,000 sq. in. If this is multiplied by the pressure of the 10 ft. column of water we have 864,- 000 °X 433 = 3,744,000 Ibs., the weight of the ship. ° So that if we imagine our ship placed in a dock, or basin, only large enough to contain her with the thinnest possible film of water between the ship and the sides and bottom of the basin, the con- ditions are in no way altered from those of the ship in the open sea. It is easily evident then, that an ordin- { THe MaRINE REVIEW arily abstemious person may, without dif- ficulty, in the course of an ordinary life, stow away enough whisky to float a bat- tleship without inconvenience or making his reformation an object to the most rigid prohibitionist. So that after years of slander, Jack Tar comes into his own as a pattern of moderation. AN IMPROVEMENT FOR AUXIL- LIARY BOILERS. | S. D. Brear, 1817-19 Dock street, Ta- coma, Wash., is manufacturing a simple improvement for upright, auxiliary steam boilers which is designed to materially in- crease their efficiency. The improvement consists of a sheet iron jacket which wmapoerthe2eee ewe ©8980 C@eregeeeeeeaee eae ©4820 4 3 ooscett songs! ¢ i ego 21000 it ATT the fire door. FIG. 1--DIAGRAM OF BREAR'S JACKET. entircly surrounds the boiler above the fire box. The jacket is made of riveted No. 12 or 14 gage steel plates. On an ordinary boiler about»3 ft. in diameter the jacket is about 6 in. larger in diame- ter than the boiler and about a = foot higher. The lower end of: the jacket is closed so that it forms a tight box sur- rounding the boiler. Out of the lower end of the jacket the smoke flue is taken. The area of the annular space between the boiler and the jacket is larger than the area of the flue. The smoke and products of combustion come up through the flues of the boiler in the usual man- ner and are thence led down between the boiler shell and the jacket to the bottom where they leave through the flue, The jacket therefore amounts practi. cally to increasing the water heating gy, face by the area of external shell aboye FIG. 2--BREAR'S JACKET AS APPLIED TO AN ORDINARY HOISTING BOILER. For a boiler 3 ft. in di- ameter and with a height of 4 ft. above the fire door this area is 37.7 sq. ft. The capacity of the boiler, it is claimed, is in- creased 16 per cent by means' of the jacket; that is, a 30-H: P. boiler. with a jacket.can be rated at: 35 H. P. The jacket also tends to prevent fluctu- ations in the temperature of the upper part of the boiler and the flue sheet. This prevents leaks, increases the life - of the boiler and prevents burned out flues. No external, cold air can. come directly in contact with the boiler. The top of the jacket is hinged and may be removed so the flues and tube sheet can be easily examined. The Manitowoc Dry Dock Co. are sending out invitations to the latnch- ing of the steel steamer United States at the yard of the Manitowoc Dry Dock Co., Manitowoc, Wis., on Feb. 22. The launching will occur at 2 p. m., and luncheon will be served in the shipyard offices. The freighter building at the Cleve- land yard of the American Ship Build- ing' -Co.,°for RR. P:- Ranney, of Cleve land, will be named in honor of A. S. Upson, president of the Upson Nut Co.