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August, 1910 gineers of the quality of work pro- duced from an oil fire. These doubts shculd be .set at rest, for they have no foundation. It has been stated that reliable welds cannot be made in an oil fire, but this is not correct. When oil was first used I fully investigated this subject. Two good smiths were selected and many experimental welds wete made both with coal and oil. The specimens for the comparative tests were taken from the same bar, and the smiths were changed from oil to coal and vice versa to eliminate any superiority skill, and the welds were tested. Thése experiments were made both in iron and steel, and the in results showed a slight superiority of : the welds made in the oil fire. In making a weld with oil, however, where the two parts are close togeth- er in the fire, as is the case in weld- « ing a chain link, care must be taken that the parts to be welded are at a welding heat throughout. The - heat is taken so quickly that a smith not accustomed to oil may obtain a weld- ing heat on the surface only, and he will obtain a surface weld, which. can only be discovered by breaking it. This. may happen with an_ inexpe- rienced man on other classes of welds, but is more apt to happen where the parts are close together. In the shop under. consideration WA GEL EE Sah "a fener ee eS aE ESS as ARREST RE "SDs are el a See in ANE Be E650 TAE Marine. REVIEW SECTION AT AA gaa Y Yy SF ¢ Pua, Huey | fl i ---t ZN ns Ha men 1 --+ o-- ' ' ' 1 = ' NH I ' PLAN at a N wo : VY 7 : SECTION AT BB 1 yn BE ww Fig. 7--O1 Force ror Toot TEMPERING. there is a great deal of work on ships' fittings, where life depends on the re- liability of the welds, such as boat hangings, anchor gear, fittings for spars, etc. It is absolutely essential that these fittings should be reliable. All fittings of this kind are care- fully inspected after pickling for gal- vanizing, when the defects can best be SN 3 Ain, ° ty 2 um bea Foo a ativan: y on " S94 ow vauve, OIL BURNER 1 | 1 GONCKETE CONCRETE | 1 ret 1 | te i. ha bo L ue AIR PRESSURE 4. POUNLS PER SQ. INCH! ay = 30 nm « » ® " PND Ainiavaive SOME ons VALVE, « kK? Eon: VALVEE SSS on vate oo UZ a Gs ; art: ent SS LLL WII al Oo i \ \ 26 Msp lsp ps py oy 7 ' Cy ® Sez - Za Sy Fig, 8--Broom FurNACE For Oi FUEL. "are tested to destruction. m Tecord of each piece, the proof load applied, Se BESUS: ' a anh Pee ea a " paw seee este glo oy cB Oey : Lee ee ron 3 eye = ' 2 freer cea et " 5 i -- bedscgl ets eet < ie eee hcl odd "ee og 1 eS '| et lis! i \ e i Zi ' 1h fig s 1 sarah } rs] che: M fa wee og 5 on SLE aR " a : Z é bat a a Saeed z Ws 3 2 oe : Ses eee Secs e tye ee) 3 | iW e - oy 2-2 Tr found. After the fittings are galvan- ized, a proof load is applied, and fre- quently speciments taken at random A careful is made of the examination of the destruction Under these conditions it is quite certain that if welds made in oil were unreliable, the fact would be discovered. The results show con- clusively, however, that these welds are in every respert as reliable as those made in coal fires. Iron work for spars is rather dif- ficult in any fire; for example, a mast band with four or five eyes which have to be "jumped on". The advan- tage in this class of work is decidedly - with the oil fire, as the heat can be localized and obtained exactly where wanted, without heating the remain- der of the work, and with oil the fire is absolutely clean, and the heat uni- u 1 pout and the results "QUARTZ, ROCK form, both of which are conducive to good work, particularly in weld- ing. Still another advantage is the better conditions under which the men work. _ With oil, a fire once started should not smoke; if it does smoke, it shows inattention on the part of the smith in not regulating the combi- nation of oil and air. With oil a clean shop can be maintained, the workmen are free from the smoke and fumes common to all coal- burning shops, and, working under better con- ditions, the men can and should pro- duce more and better work.