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344 THe Marine REVIEW September, 1910 IMPROVEMENTS IN LIQUID FUEL APPARATUS Oil Fuel Making Headway in the Navy and Mercanttle Marine RITISH marine in- terests have awak- ened to the advan- tages. of oil. fuel. What has, in large measure, contrib- uted to this change is, in the first place, B the success that has attended the British admiralty experiments with the Kermode burner whith has been previously described in THE Ma- RINE Review, and also the recent de- velopments in oil which give. prom- y N S g YY _X SS ee LA. \ WN" Tow Wa W Yh Le R Liem > S WS ie N --\\ S Nee CER WUMULUTE i ' : || Kid --is ------ Z. SS ' omD, a NV EN Lo | | RZD np ESS ss SE SESS Wbex UME SSO Lecce SSS EAE le Wy Y c Le re hc Sf -- Wp z iy idldddjns Fekete WY, 4 CT) Gt Sd! a ee oa Se A OSI Vranas eT go a S$? Za E out by the Unted States navy, by the successful experiments made on board the British destroyer Surly with the. Kermode burner. ® The advantages of oil over coal as a fuel on board ship have been dem- onstrated in the facility with which the bunkers can be filled and the fur- naces automatically fed, the saving of space, the quickness and ease with which steam can be raised and main- tained, and the higher average speed obtainable in consequence, the smoke- less combustion, even at high speeds, AS To DPI a heegceidddelilllia [Z SSSA AAHASaaAAAnnnssooo K K RAS ASSN Uj | ee or ey IAA FAI TERR I FREK KGS SO war footing, the oil burners are turned on. The use of oil fuel re- duces the displacement of a ship com- pared with that of a coal-fired ship of the same power. A _ man-of-war equipped with oil-fuel becomes more mobile than one dependent solely on coal. The exhaustion of stokers, the burning down and cleaning of. fires necessitated by the use of coal, the depositing of soot in the boiler tubes, representing loss of power, all are ob- viated by liquid fuel, and, moreover, fewer stokers are needed. Oil fuel, WW dda), P « HAN eee eae a Te a SST WF. l ll" Uf \ = SK ys SS SESS Rr GZ WS ESS bons -- Fig. 1--Air Jet Burner. Fic. 2--SteEAM AND Air Jet BurRNeEnr. Fic. 3--PressurE JET BuRNER ise that before long a world-wide area of supply of fuel oil will be available. The investigations as to the best methods of using oil fuel have also brought to light many points in its favor. While the prac- tical use of oil fuel in ships of war has justified the admiralty in equipping the latest battleships, cruisers and de- stroyers for its use and in ordering a supply of 32,000,000 gallons of the fuel, it is interesting to note. that the British naval authorities have been influenced in their present at- titude towards oil fuel in addition to the favorable investigations carried and in the cleanliness and compara- tive cheapness of oil fuel, consider- ing the advantages gained. All these points are of vital importance in the matter of naval efficiency, as the ad- miralty authorities now fully realize. All the newer battleships and cruisers; including the Dreadnought class, have been fitted for burning oil as well as coal, and many older vessels, origin- ally designed to use coal only, and which would to that extent have been ob- solete, have also been fitted with oil fuel apparatus at small cost. For cruising in time of peace coal is used, but in maneuvering, or when on a therefore, is a necessity in the battle line. Ocean Liners and Oil Fuel. At present a number of mail and cargo vessels on the Pacific coast of North and South America and be- tween California and Japan, and most of the trading steamers in the Dutch East Indies use oil fuel, as well as the ships of the Anglo-American Oil Co., carrying oil to Europe. Some remarkable steaming feats have been achieved by oil-driven vessels. For instance, the boats owned by the Shell Transport Co. have for years voyaged