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46 Shipbuilding Corporation also has two steamers on the stocks for the Emery _ Steamship Co., of Boston, to be named Atlantic and Pacific, and as_ their names imply, are probably intended for Panama canal service. The Mat- son Navigation Co., of San Francisco, is also having a new freighter built at Newport News, and the Mallory Steamship Co., one of the oldest of the coastwise lines, is building two new steamers at Newport News. Ad- ditional vessels would undoubtedly have been built for Panama canal service if the railroads had been per- mitted to operate ships through the canal, but congress has disbarred them from the use of the canal. There is 2 THE MARINE REVIEW Practically all of the foreign steam- ship lines are altering their schedules to embrace the Panama canal. The Hamburg-American Steamship Co. are building three large passenger and freight steamers for the Hamburg- South American trade, as well as ad- ditional vessels for the Atlas service to Central and South America, which is one of the subsidiary companies. The North German Lloyd has atso added to its fleet new steamers of an approved design for the service through the canal. The Royal Mail Steamship Co. is also adding to its West Indian service and expects to have new steamships ready in the early part of the summer. They will ' States, February, 1914 ship Co., which now has seven new 10,000-ton boats in service between New York and San Francisco, will shortly give out specifications for an additional steamer. The greatest beneficiary of the canal will obviously be the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific ports of the United which will be brought into close commercial relationship with each other. This traffic should grow rapidly and without injury to the gen- eral business of the trans-continental railroads. There are certain classes of freight which it is far more profit- able for the ships to handle than the railroads, and special high class through service will continue to be TRADE ROUTES BY. EXISTING LINES - AND BY THE PANAMA CANAL Routes for Full Powcred Steam Vessels: Qo Honolulu/\? * s ° ot "SAMOAN * ISLANDS °g Port Townsend Seattle : Portlan dor. Tacoma' Callao. ~ 9p Stanley Punta Area) a snciror Mage Cape Horn J Cape of Good Hope | THE M.-N. WORKS, BUFFALO, N, Y. no doubt whatever but that the con- struction of the canal has stimulated and will continue to stimulate ship building in American yards, but the fact remains that American transpor- tation companies have not taken the keen interest in it that foreign steam- ship companies have. The reason, of course, is due to the fact that the American merchant marine has never received any encouragement tO. enter the foreign field» from congress, not- withstanding the fact that the ob- stacles to successful operation in the foreign field are very real and have been presented to congress time and again. Activity abroad is pronounced. be 10,000-ton steamers such as are at present running in the company's Bra- zil and River Plate route. In addi- tion to being fitted for a large num- ber of passengers, these steamers will have refrigeration for the carriage of fresh fruits and vegetables. Two 15,- 000-ton triple-screw steamers, the AI- cantara and the Arianza, have already been added to the company's South American service. The French Line is developing its Caribbean service and intends to enter the trade to both the South and north -Pacific coasts of America. The Holland-Amerika Line, Lamport & Holt and the Lloyd Bra- zileiro are also planning extensions to their service. The Luckenbach Steam- handled 'by the railroads... In~ the conduct of this coast to coast busi- ness the Panama canal will save enor- mous distances. For instance, by Ma- gellan the distance from New York to. San- Francisco' is 13,135 miles; by Panama, 5,262 miles, a saving of 7,873 miles, or more than twice the distance across the Atlantic ocean. From New Orleans to San Francisco by way of Magellan is 13,551 miles; by way of Panama, 4,683 miles, a saving of 8,868 miles, or practically a month's steam- ing of vessels averaging 12 knots per hour. The saving in distance from New York to Honolulu is 6,610 miles; from New York to Wellington, New Zea-