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March, 1914 engine being started very quickly by means of a_ blow torch. The* engine *is really a modified Diesel, but operates without the very high .compression of the Diesel and consequently without danger. The compression is about 220 lbs. per sq. in., instead of 800 lbs. on the older engine. Therefore, the danger - of cracked cylinders is reduced to a min- imum. The fuel economy approaches that of the Diesel, and is of course far better than that of the gasoline or steam engine. Ignition is by compression and ab- solutely positive. The liquid fuel is pumped into the combustion chamber in a fine jet which is broken up into spray and vaporized by contact with the hot cylinder head. This removes all troubles due to delicate, compli- cated and expensive electric ignition and* carburetting apparatus. A wide range of speeds may be ob- . tained in the Blanchard marine oil engine, for the timing device enables the operator to change at will the time of injecting the fuel, even while the engine is running. This is abso- lutely necessary in marine work in or- der to be able to speed the engine up or slow it down and still secure the best results. It also permits a wide range of speed in the boat. Two of these engines of 100 H. P. each have been fitted to the fishing schooner Knickerbocker, which is now approaching Seattle at the end of her long 16,000-mile trip from Boston by way of the Straits of Magellan. On trial trip these engines gave splendid results, and it is estimated that the daily saving in fuel under full power compared with gasoline will exceed $50, or more than the wages of the entire crew. The engine is of» the. two-cylinder type and guaranteed to give 45 brake horsepower. It is ex- ceptionally well fitted for service in work boats of all descriptions as well as in pleasure launches. L. C. Gilman, assistant to the presi- dent of the Great Northern railway, with office at Seattle, has been elected President of the Spokane, Portland & Seattle railway and will also act as executive officer of the new steamship company which will operate two pas- senger steamers, now building, between Astoria and San Francisco. James W. Hall, Winslow, Wash., has been awarded a contract for building a missionary cruiser for the American | Baptist Publication Society. She is to be 52 ft. in length, 11% ft. beam and will be equipped with a 40 H. P. gas engine. THE MARINE REVIEW Dock and Wharf Illumination ~ The vast. sums of money invested in modern vessels make it imperative that every facility be provided for their speedy loading and unloading, as the earning power of a vessel is naturally suspended while it is docked. For years inventors have worked on machines and methods of speed- ily accomplishing this end and with wonderful results, but it is only with- in a comparatively short time that there has been a realization of the importance of proper illumination in this connection. The condition also obtained in in- dustrial plants until recently when illuminating and efficiency engineers compiled statistics that showed start- ling results. For instance, it was shown that a substitution of proper lighting for poor lighting increased the efficiency of the workmen in some plants 10 per cent; and a few isolat- ed cases were found where the effi- ciency, or output, during the time artificial light was used, was increased as much as 25 per cent. Furthermore, it was proven conclusively that the number of avoidable accidents was in direct proportion to diminishing light; -and it was claimed by authorities who have made a study of safeguards for the: benefit of employes, that 25 per cent of the avoidable accidents were caused by poor illumination. That which holds true regarding the increased efficiency resulting from the proper lighting of industrial plants also holds good for docks and piers and possibly to a 'greater extent. The proper illumination of docks and piers not only materially increases the efficiency of the workmen by en- abling them to read the markings on the freight with facility, lighting their way. distinctly, "etc; but. 1t: greatly decreases the liability to accidents. This is a very important item, as the nature of the work which stevedores and freight handlers do is very haz- ardous. When the dock is a' passenger ter- minal, proper lighting is of extreme importance from another point of view, as it has an important psycho- logical bearing on the impression giv- en the arriving or departing passen- ger regarding the services of the line; in other words, plenty of light tends towards cheerfulness. That this fea- ture is important is demonstrated by the modern tendency of railroads to illuminate brilliantly their waiting rooms. Another example is the man- ner in which merchants brilliantly il- luminate their stores, thereby making them cheerful and _ attracting the crowds. A recent example of good pier il- 119 lumination is at the Quebec Steam- ship Co.'s pier, North river, New York City. This pier is 400 ft. long by 60 ft. wide and is so arranged that boats may be unloaded from either side. Four Type W long life multiple flame arc lamps manufactured by the General Electric Co. have. been in- stalled. These lamps are _ located along the longitudinal center of the building and are approximately 24 ft. above the floor. As soon as it be- comes dark the two end lights are turned on and are kept burning all night. When shipments, however, are being unloaded the remaining two lamps are also lighted. The Type W lamps are especially adapted for this class of lighting be- cause they are an exceptionally high candle power unit and the brilliancy remains undiminished throughout the carbon life. They are very economical to operate, as they burn from 1€0 to 120 hours without attention, and even then it is necessary to renew only one electrode. The mechanism is extreme- ly simple and the parts are especially treated so that dampness and salt air can have no effect. Bulletin No. 57, "The Phenix Sight Flow Indicator", recently issued by © the Richardson-Phenix Co., of Mil-. waukee, Wis., illustrates and describes how this unique little device can be inserted in any pipe line carrying a liquid, such as water lines of water cooled transformers and the supply pipes of water jackets of gas engines and air compressors, and how it shows at a glance or indicates electrically by lighting a lamp or ringing a bell when the flow of liquid is interrupted. Sev- eral recent improvements in the Sight Flow indicator are also described, showing how it is now possible to adjust the indicator so that it will give an alarm before the liquid stops flow- ing entirely, that is, when it drops to some pre-determined minimum. This im- provement has made it especially suit- able for use on water-cooled trans- formers. A $2,300,000 dry dock at Norfolk, Va., large enough to accommodate the largest dreadnaughts likely to be built for the American navy was rec- ommended to the house naval affairs committee by Secretary Daniels. His proposal is for a dam the same size as the locks of the Panama canal-- 1,000 ft. long, 110 ft. wide and 40 ft. deep over all. The business of the late William Van Vleck Lidgerwood, in London and Coatbridge, England, has been converted into a private limited com- pany under the name Lidgerwood, Ltd.