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fone; 1914 expansion engines fitted with super- heat over triple-expansion similarly fitted is about 17.85 per cent. 4, The wear on the machinery is not appreciably increased where prop- er lubrication of internal surfaces 1s maintained. 5. The filtration of oil from the feed water has been successfully carried out, so as to ensure its satisfactory condition. 6. No danger from oil getting into the boiler need be feared with a filter such as was used. 7. The arrangement and fitting of the superheater elements and _ pipe connections present no_ serious ob- jections. 8. The maintenance of the super- heater elements in an efficient condi- tion requires only ordinary attention. 9. In using superheat there is no 'necessity to carry any additional spare gear. 10. There is no necéssity to. carry any spare superheater elements. 1:2. 43 (4 15 46 17 18 PO tO LT 70 60 Tons per Day. 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 71 12.43 44 15 16 17 18 Lbs.per1H.P pa Hour» TO 3951) 11, The first cost has been recov ered in one year on the basis thar the vessel is under steam for 200 days, as a result, not only of the saving of bunker coal, but also of the additional freight carried in lieu of the weight saved thereby. In subsequent years the whole gain is for the profit. of the shipowner, subject to, say, 5 per cent of same for additional overhaul and maintenance of the superheater ele- ments, etc., and the usual allowances for insurance and depreciation on first into the engineers in charge, and to see that the working instructions are implicitly carried out. The number of steamers fitted with Superheaters during recent years is an indication of successful working under Superheat conditions. The following figures, though far from being a com- ©THE MARINE REVIEW plete record, are worthy of note and consideration: No. of Total : Steamers, 1) Bae, Hide. superheaters 4... 244... 20 Sailers Yarrow superheaters ....... 13 261,000 Babcock and Wilcox super- heaters oe oe ee ee 29 316,675 Thornycroft superheaters te 60,000 eae 1,042 1,322,092 Schmidt superheaters Commerce of Lake Superior ~The report of the superintendent of St. Mary's Falls canal shows that 774,- 520 net tons of freight passed through the canal in April, 1914, as against 1,- 905,555 net tons in April, 1913, and 166,- 918 tons in April, 1912, The American canal carried 337,338 tons. against 437,182 tons for the. Canadian. canal. Following is the summary: EAST BOUND Articles, Total. Copper, short' tonSeev 0 ee os 874 Grain, < bushels seca. oe 5,257,074 Building stone,-short tons,. =u... Pine Flotir; 2: barrels ive ae 214,350 Tron, ore; sshort <tons;:o 50.06%. a2 30,023 Pig -iron; SHOrt ONS nse ere es Se Rec Dumber, SMe tte Boe cs cas 1,862 Silver:-ore; 'short: tons essccs.625 eek ieee Wheat, "bushels: 352 ceo ene 8,147,026 General merchandise, short tons... . 4,254 Passengers, "number 505 3 sews ee 12. WEST BOUND Coal; shards chort'tonss3. oo es a5 es 39,244 Goal; Usoft;. 'short: tons sinc es 288,576 Flour, barrels? oc weter ec cn ee as Eeeiaes Grain; (bushels; G5 on ite ee Manufactured iton, short tons..... 14,554 Tron: ore; short tonsS.w.a coe. sae sethears Sales "baprelss ees Vee chen eee cs 36,224 General merchandise, short tons... 20,738 Passengers, "humber 2.2.5... i: 59 SUMMARY Vessel passages, number........... 363 Registered tonnage, net........... 591,538 Freight :--. East bound, 'short tons: ¢s..2.7003.. 406,003 West bound; ;Short :tons.. 2.2... 368,517 Total. freight, short tons......... 774 529 _ New Simons Dredger The Bombay Port Trust, through - their consulting engineers and agents, Sir J. Wolfe Barry & Partners, have placed an order with Messrs. Wm. Simons & Co., Ltd., Renfrew, for a very powerful bucket hopper dredger for the improvements of the port and the approaches thereto. It is an axiom with naval architects that the length and beam of modern steamers are only limited by the depth of water in their trading ports, while the cost per ton mile is also determined to a very large extent by the carry- ing capacity of the ship. To meet the demand for greater depth of. water the Suez canal com- mission have decided to increase the prevailing depth of water in the canal, the natural consequence of that de- cision being that port authorities further east than Suez have had forced on their attention the in- creased and increasing depth of water required by the mercantile marine. The Bombay port trustees by plac- ing the order for this large new 'Bay as follows: Z19 dredger, which is capable of dredg- ing to.a depth of 50 ft, have shown in an unmistakable fashion that they are very much alive to the needs of the shipping industry. The new Bombay dredger is to be built on the lines of the U. S. Corozal, which has done excellent work in dredging a very large quantity of rock which had not been previously drilled or blasted. The Corozal was constructed by Messrs. Wm. Simons & Co., for the Panama Canal: Lieut. Col. E. Eveleth Winslow, government engineer, Norfolk, Va., opened the following bids April 30, for dredging Inland waterway from Norfolk, Va. to Beaufort Inlet, N. C.: Nelson Z. Graves, Philadelphia, Pa., 7 cents; Home Dredging Co., Mobile, Ala., 9.95 cents; Maryland Dredging & Contracting Co., Baltimore, Md., 7.9 cents; F, Santord Ross, Jersey City, N. J., 9 cents; Norfolk Dredg- ing, Go. "Norfolk, Va, 10.4. cents: Bowers Southern Dredging Co., Gal- veston, Tex., 6.9 cents; Eugene Brey- mann, Toledo, O., 9.25 cents; Atlan- tic Gulf & Pacific -Co.,,. New York; 7.24 cents; The Southern Dredging Co., Mobile, Ala., 7 cents. Bids were received May. 4 by Col. Lansing Beach, Baltimore, for dredg- ing on the east short of Chesapeake © Maryland Dredging & Contracting Co., Baltimore, 16% cents per cubic yard; Norfolk Dredg- ~ ing. Co., 22 cents; N. H; French, Nor- folk; <Va.,,.23. cents: River. & Harbor Improvement Co., Philadelphia, Pa., 21.8. cents. The steamer Charles A. Weston ran ashore at Point Sanilac, Lake Huron, . during a dense fog and had to lighter part of her cargo to be released. When placed in dry dock at Buffalo it was found that her bottom was: very badly damaged and that repairs will approxi- mate $50,000. J. W. Powell has been elected by the directors of the Fore River Ship Building Corporation, Quincy, Mass., as president to succeed Rear Ad- miral Frances I. Bowles, resigned. Mr. Powell was formerly assistant to. the president at Cramps, Philadelphia. Harry R. Rogers has been elected a director of the Cleveland & Buffalo Transit Co., to sticceed the late R. C. Moody. Mr. Rogers is traffic manager for the company. The steamer North Land, owned by the Northern Steamship Co., will sail from Cleveland on her first trip June 18 for Mackinac Island and Chicago.