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254 port and in case of collision, and for the supply of energy for transmission of wireless messages, navigating and various other lights throughout the vessel; motor life boats, together with the dynamo for wireless installation which is carried. ; The temperature of ship's stores, which are carried in large compart- ments, have also to be regulated by powerful refrigerating machinery, cap- able of producing extreme cold, SO that beef, mutton, game and poultry, bacon, fish, milk, fruit and vegetables, together with cold cupboards in the various pantries, and cabinets for cool- ing beer, wines and minerals, may each be maintained at the temperature found most suitable in each case. General Electrical Plant In addition to machinery in kitch- ens, noted: elsewhere, electricity is used on the Aquitania for power pur- poses which the following will serve to illustrate, and careful examination is necessary during each voyage; pas- senger lifts, mail and baggage hoists, store lifts, service lifts, -Massage. vi- brator, and other miscellaneous ap- paratus in the gymnasium, the: steril- izer in the dispensary, the fan for the laundry continuous drying machine, and about 200 electric motors through- out the ship; also for 10,000 fixed lamps, clusters and portables for the ship's lighting, 70 side lanterns, Ad- miralty Morse lamps, masts, side lights and stern lamps, with indicators for same; 20 fire alarms, 27 inter- communication telephones, 11 loud- speaking telephones for use in engine room, deck or bridge, or any place where noise has to be overcome; 36 electric clocks, 1,440 electric bell pushes, life boat lamps, the complete Marconi installation, the electric con- trol_of steam whistles, etc. : . [he above may serve to give a general idea of the different electrical appliances which come under the care of the electrical engineer officers and require careful attention during each voyage. The machinery necessary for warp- ing the vessel in and out must be very powerful in the case of a vessel like the Aquitania, and this is dealt with under the heading of "Navigation Ap- pliances"'. Two engineer officers relieve each other, with six-hour watches through- out the whole voyage, in the steering gear engine room, wherein is situated the massive steering engine operating the ship's rudder, and their sole duty is. .$0..see. that the machine works smoothly. A thoroughly equipped engineering workshop, with tools operated by elec- also petrol engines for the THE MARINE REVIEW tric motors, is provided on board for the quick repair, by the engineering staff, of any unit which might go out of order, Driving fans in cabins and. crews quarters, radiators for heating rooms, electric tell-tale on bridge from en- gine room, deck cranes for baggage, watertight door indicator, submarine signaling apparatus, iceberg detecting apparatus, searchlight, heaving ship's lead, shore coaling winches, electric clocks synchronizing with master clock, boot cleaning, knife cleaners, ice cream machine. : The refrigerating machine is entirely in connection with the cuisine depart- ment, as no refrigerated cargo is car- ried. working on the carbonic anhyride sys- The machinery consists of a powerful compound duplex machine July, 1914 the various chambers, the air in which is, of course, cooled by contact with the brine piping. On leaving the evaporator, the carbonic acid gas js drawn into the compressor, the cycle of operations being then continuously repeated. pas A vital safeguard is. provided, in that the 45 principal bulkhead doors are fitted with the Stone-Lloyd hy- draulic system. The doors can be kept closed by the officer on the bridge for as long as he considers advisable, yet they can, when required, be op- ened locally by anyone desirous of passing through, but the doors close immediately; the manual effort is withdrawn; they cannot be left open, Thus is fulfilled the recommendation of the International Conference on matety of Lite at Sea, that. all water: THE AQUITANIA COMPARED WITH THE TWENTIETH SS =e CENTURY | LIMITED. THE TWENTIETH CENTURY LIMITED IS 576 FT. LONG WHILE. THE DISTANCE FROM THE FIRST TO THE LAST STACK OF THE AQUITANIA IS 668 FT. tem with two compressors, two inde- pendent evaporators, duplex pumps for circulating cold brine through the various chambers, and pump for circu- lating sea water through gas con- densers. Briefly, the action of the machine is as follows: A steam engine pro- vides power for compressing the gas in the compressor, the temperature of the gas is thus raised, but the heat is dissipated immediately afterwards by the action of the cooling water cir- culated through the condenser, the gas being liquified and its temperature considerably reduced as a conse- quence. It is then passed through the evaporator, where it extracts heat necessary for evaporation from the brine, cooling this latter to a very low temperature. A separate pump circulates this cold brine throughout tight doors shall be kept closed dur- ing navigation except when necessarily opened for the working of the ship. The auxiliary condensing plant is. in duplicate, one set being placed in each wing engine room, and consist- ing of condenser, air pump and. cir- culating pump, and is reserved almost entirely for condensing the exhaust steam from engine room and deck auxiliaries, while working in port. Suitable cross connections are fitted whereby this plant may be used to re- lieve the auxiliary exhaust 'system at sea, : There are four water service pumps (two in each wing engine room), one sanitary and one wash deck pump in the center engine room. In the port wing engine room there is 4 motor-driven sanitary pump, a depar- ture from ordinary practice, the re-