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August, 1914 'The value of a rivet is found by squaring the diameter and multiplying by 0.7854 the strength of the material. Example: The strength of a %-inch diameter steel rivet equals 7 inch X % inch. X fet x 26--- 15,6338. The strength of a 34-inch diameter steel. rivet' equals 34 inch X 34 inch O7a54. & 26° = 11.4868; The strength of double shear equals single shear by 1.75. 15.6338 X 1.75 = 27.349 for % inch diameter rivet. 11.4868 *& 1.75 = 201. In these considerations 15 tons will be considered for a single shear of 7%-inch diameter rivet and 27 tons for double shear. - For single shear 34-inch diameter rivet 10 tons and 17.5 for double shear. The keel plate has a strength of 490.75 tons through the line of holes at 490.75 No. 12 and == 32.60 Tivets, 15 Fig. 2 between the transverses 13 and 14 shows the number of rivets in butt arrangement of the keel plate, the butt before No. 10 shows 32, the actual num- ber of. rivets in the buttstrap. The 12 extra rivets in the butt are for the seam lap of B strake. \ FOP ANGLE BUTT STRAP THE MARINE REVIEW The center keelson plate has a ten- 287.56 sile strength of 287.56 oa tons 10 28./5 rivets... :Fig. 3 abaft No. 12 shows the center keelson but with 30 34-inch diameter rivets between the angles which is all that is necessary. The rider plate has a strength of 357.5 tons 370.5 ------ = 35.75 rivets, 34. inch diameter. 10 Fig. 4. before No. 11 shows: 48° rivets but 12 are for the tank top seam strap. 36 rivets are ample for this butt connec- tion. Summing up the rivets at their weak- est consideration they are double the strength of the plates and angles. Example: Rivets. Tons. Center keelson plate butt hase AeA eee eas 30 equal to 300 Center keelson and_ rider BS ASS a Renu han ee 70 equal to 700 Butt: of rider has; 7.6023. 36 equal to 360 1,360 'Keel "plate: angles... 052, 46 equal to 690 Keel "plate: battecs 32 equal to 480 2,530 It will be found throughout the vessel that the rivets exceed the plates and angles. There is no way to lessen this owing to it being necessary for a close pitch of rivets to make the outside plating watertight. It will be observed that there are more rivet holes in the outer rows in the butts than at frame No. 12 and of course would not be allowed for a 311 single girder. The passing strakes takes care of this as shown by Hig, «5, Through the line AB there are only six rivet holes which would only reduce the width of the plate from 60 inches to 54 inches and there are two channel longi- tudinal frames in this space which adds to the strength. Year's Ship Building _ During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1914, there were built in the United States and officially numbered 1,291 vessels, of 311,578 gross tons, compared with 1,648 vessels, of 382,- 304 gross tons, for the same period of 1913. The principal vessels are four American-Hawaiian Co. steamships, each of 6,600 gross tons, and three Grace Co. steamships, each of 6,300 gross tons, all for the Panama canal trade, and averaging 4,000 net tons. The steamship Matsonia, for Hawaiian trade, 9,728 gross tons, is the largest vessel built in the United States since 1905, and the John D. Archbold, 8,374 gross tons, is the largest oil tanker yet built in the United States. On the Great Lakes 10 steamers of over 1,000 tons each were built, the Alton C. Dustin, 7,978 gross tons, being the largest. Only three large schooners were built. In all, 38 vessels of over 1,000 tons each were built, aggregat- ing 169,000 tons. FIG.m. -] & ooo @) 000 ee ooo e Rioar PLArTa ; 000 A Fo ¢.3. Goro /2 Ws 000 DOT Oo MONe 0 OPC ON OO OT 00 Of (07) 0, 0). 0 v0 0:5 O10, Ooo ; = 0080 loo ° : oOo 6 ° Ooo°0 O00 2: P00 ° Cenren keersow PLATE 000 @ 000 ° O00 oes "Oo ° 6 o 6 9 6 OOO g 5 o 5 5 o . 2s oO OO 8 8g le Oe Oo D: ale ag Oo Pan ° z eo0o000 of e000 ° J{oOooo o. 9 : iO 5 ,0°0¢ = 0990 5 0000 ° KEELPLATE. e000 ) ° oe 4 /2 4