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Collier Neptune The Westinghouse Turbine and Reduction Gear Propelling Machinery for the Collier Neptune T IS well known that when a shaft is transmitting power, the torque exerted creates a definite twist or torsional deflection which is directly proportional to the load transmitted and inversely proportional to the cube of the shaft' diameter. This deflection of shafts, when transmitting large power, is the basis of _ practically pinion is supported were fitted very loosely with a con- siderable clearance around the pinion journals, the pinion would climb or advance along the face of the driven gear at the driving end by an amount equal to the tor- sional displacement of the teeth between the near and far end of the pinion, thus causing the axis of the pinion to incline it- all of the tor- sional dyna- mometers used to determine the amount of power _ trans- mitted to the propellers in marine turbine installations. Various meth- ods are used to indicate the torsional de- flection from wiren the torque --trans- mitted is cal- culated, "The pinion of a re- duction gear may be con- sidered as an extension of the turbine shaft, and as such "it wall have a certain deflection pro- portional to the power transmit t e d from the tur- bine (oto, the propeller. Con- sequently, the driving end of the pinion will be advanced with respect fo: the.--end most remote from the point of application of the driving force. Since it is impossible for slip to oc- cur between the pinion and the driven gear, the end of the pinion nearest the point of application of the driving force, will tend to climb or advance along the driven gear slightly ahead of the end of the pinion farthest removed from the point of application of the driving force. If we were to assume then that the bearings in which the WESTINGHOUSE TURBINE self at a slight amelie toa plane passing through the center, of 'the axes of the gear and the pinion when the. latter is not subjected to the twist- ing force. Thus it is seen that the natural position taken by a= pion transmitting power, is not with its axis parallel with the: axis OF the driven gear, DUE aE an inclination, the angle of inclination be- ing propor tional to. the twisting mo- ment applied to the pinion which, in ma- rine reduction gears, iS pro- portional to the square of the revolu- tions per min- ute. Thus it will be, seen that no fixed adjustment of any nature whatsoever can compensate for the torsional deflection at all powers and speeds, and any permanent adjustment for some fixed load would cause unequal pressures at all other loads. This is the basic principle which is made use of in the Westinghouse floating frame, the floating frame being merely a means of permitting the pinion to assume its natural position without imposing unnatural stresses on the