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December, 1920 the crankcase at the forward end of the engine, in line with the working cylinders. It is driven direct from the crankshaft by means of an exten- sion carrying a crank. The compressor is of the 3-stage type, water jacketed and equipped with intercoolers and aftercoolers. This keeps the air at the. requisite low. temperature. The piston is of the differential trunk type with removable piston pin housing. The compressor valves are designed without springs and are readily re- moved for inspection and cleaning. The second and third stage valves and seats are steel. Each stage of the compressor is protected against exces- sive pressure by a safety valve. A regulating device is incorporated to ad- just the injection air pressure to suit operating conditions. The air coolers are constructed to afford ready access _ for inspection and cleaning. They are equipped with oil and water separators and drains. The engine is started through the medium of compressed air which is provided by the injection air compres- sor. Air starting is provided for all cylinders, one-half of the cylinders are started first followed by the other half. The injection and starting air pip- ing is heavy, seamless tubing equipped with high pressure fittings. The air starting and storage tanks are heavy in design and are provided with shut- off valves and drains. The starting tanks are so designed that they can be charged from the compressor with- out interfering with the operation of the engine. Each tank is equipped with a fusible plug to relieve pressure in case of fire. The air compressor, cylinder heads, cylinders, pistons, fuel and_ starting valve cages, exhaust manifolds and oil coolers are equipped with arrange- ments for water cooling. All over- flow and bypass connections are ex- posed and all cooling water is dis- charged into accessible open funnels. Individual outlet pipes are provided for each cylinder so that the tempera- ture of the discharge water can be instantly taken at any time. The pressure lubricating system is incorporated which includes all main bearings, crank and crosshead pin bearings, crossheads, vertical shaft, thrust bearing and lower helical gears. The oil after passing through the bear- ings is collected in the bed plate. From here it flows through a _ twin filter to a positive displacement pump which forces it through a cooler. From here it is again forced through the oil- ing system at a pressure of from 10 to 20 pounds to the square inch. A safety valve is provided on the oil pressure THE MARINE REVIEW pipe as well as on bypass connections for the regulation of the pressure. Cam- shaft bearings are equipped with all rings. The cylinders, including the cylinders of each stage of the compres- sor, are oiled by a multifeed pressure type oil pump. Oil cups are provided where they are necessary. (To Be Concluded.) German Mails Heavy The American liner Moncotta, sailing from New York to Hamburg, carried cut .a consignment of Christmas mail TY ts. ' ie e a +6 [Ca NS FIG. 18--CROSS SECTION THROUGH SCAVENGING < PUMP for Germany, totaling more than 7000 sacks, This ship, and her sister ship, the MancuuriA, have carried the bulk of the German mails out of New York for nearly a year. The Ameri- can line reopened mail service to Ger- many after it had been interrupted for more than five years by the war, with the sailing of the MancHuria from New York on Dec. 20, 1919, carrying the largest cargo of mail ever taken out of New York harbor, a total of 14,104 sacks. The American liners convey the mails from pier to pier, New York to Cux- haven, in 10% days. These boats carry also first and third class passengers and from 8000 to 10,000 tons of freight a trip--largely food for Germany. | , 647 File New Ship Plans Three additional companies have taken advanitage of the Jones ship- ping act to make application for con- struction of new ships under its pro- visions. The law carries certain tax exempticns for boats built according to its approval. Applications for con- structing 31 boats now have been made by various American shipping companies. In addition (to those listed in last month's issue, the follow- ing applications have been approved: United Fruit Co.: One bulk oil tanker of 63,000 42-galion barrel capacity, to be constructed by the New NT Shipbuilding Corp. Camden, aN. . Union Oil Co. of California: Two oil tankers of 12,000 deadweight tons, to be constructed by the Southwestern Cupane, Co., East ¢San Pedro, al. Calvert Navigation Co.: One bulk oil steamer of 6050 deadweight tons, to be constructed by the Baltimore Dry Docks & Shipbuilding Co., Bal- timore. Regulations which the law provides shall be promulgated by the shipping board are in course of preparation, the board acting with the treasury deparitment. Under the British flag, a fleet of German-built freighters, of unusually large tonnage, is coming to north Pa- cific ports to carry grain to Great Brit- ain. These carriers were turned over to the British under terms of the armis- tice. The steamer FrizsLanp, which loaded at Seattle, left with the largest single cargo of wheat ever shipped from Puget sound in one vessel. This vessel took 13,516 long tons or 504,598 bushels valued at $1,300,000. The pre- vious largest cargo of grain from Puget sound was shipped in November 1915, when the American steamer MINNESOTA took 12,000 tons of wheat and barley. Because of the decline in grain prices and to place Seattle on a parity with Cotumbia river rivals, the port of Se- attle has reduced charges for storing and handling grain at port terminals about 50 per cent. Under the former schedule, the public properties were re- ceiving no grain which was moving through private terminals. Under the new tariff the charge for wharfage, in- cluding unloading cars or handling from ship's side, piling and 10 days' free storage, is 75 cents per ton for sacked grain. With the inauguration of airplane service between Seattle and Victoria, B. C., a saving of a day has been ef- fected in the movement of postal mat- ter to and from the Orient. The first consignment of oriental mail to leave Seattle by airplane consisted of 13 bags.