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Pulverized Coal System Tested Successful Tests on New System of Pulverized Coal Burning—In- dividual Mills for Each Burner—Independent Unit for Each Furnace UEL cost is one of the major Fite: in ship operation. In a freight vessel for instance this item alone amounts to between 25 and 80 per cent of the total operating cost. It is, therefore, of primary im- portance to ship owners and operators that practical and dependable methods be developed to reduce this cost in any given service. With the present low prices pre- vailing in boiler fuel oil it is in- creasingly difficult to show a saving using coal or even using the internal combustion engine in some_ routes. However, this condition does not pre- vail in all services by any means. In certain localities and between ports for instance where coal is cheap and plentiful and where oil of either kind is searce and expensive, coal is still the economical fuel. The Great Lakes, for instance, is a good illustration. If an efficient and labor saving method of burning coal can be de- veloped it will therefore be a great Sy. SS IN boon to shipping people all over the world. It will do away with com- plete dependence on one type of fuel, a condition which can only lead to increased prices, by introducing healthy competition. Nothing could therefore well be of greater interest to marine engineers than the official tests recently con- cluded on a new type pulverized coal burner, at the fuel oil testing plant at League Island navy yard, which have effectively demonstrated the suc- cessful application of individual pul- verizing mills for each burner to each furnace. Complete data will not be available until all analyses have been made. Evidence at hand, however, together with the consensus of opinion of the engineers in charge of the test, indicate a splendid showing of com- bustion conditions and that the over- all efficiency of the burner and boiler exceeded expectations. These tests were the direct result i Lt dt $3 : = Sen =, GB Sacoccgncnaasa eS of experiments made by the Todd Dry Dock Engineering & Repair Corp. over a period of two years in their Brooklyn plant. Many different types of burners were used as well as dif- ferent applications of primary and secondary air conditions. Up to this time all experimentation has been confined to the burning of pulverized coal in the furnaces of scotch marine boilers, marine engi- neers generally conceding that this was the most difficult condition to meet. With the successful accom- plishment of this, the aim was to de- velop an apparatus that would have a universal application regardless of whether the present fuel being burned was oil or coal on the grate, and having in mind that cost of apparatus and its installation, together with its weight and bulk and simple method of operation, were all features of vital importance to the ship opera- tor and owner. In comparison to sys- tems heretofore used aboard ships, TODD COAL: PULVERIZER AND BURNER UNIT APPLIED TO SCOTCH MARINE BOILER, USING HOWDEN FORCED DRAFT 34 MARINE REVIEW—December, 1928