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electricity throughout the ship. By the end of the second summer cruise the engineer cadet’s instruction has been completed and he is in a posi- tion to take his examinations for third assistant engineer and pass with flying colors as soon as he completes the required third year. These summer cruises are of in- terest, not only for their practical and educational value, but for the knowledge gained that travel brings besides. The Newport usually visits European ports, among which during the recent summer cruises were, Ply- mouth, Cherbourg, Las Palmas, and Hamilton, Bermuda. On a cruise of seventy-seven days, for example, thirty-six were spent in port. Oppor- tunity was afforded to visit foreign shores, to see many places, strange to them at first, where the cadets met people of other countries and learned something of their ways. Keeping in Good Condition The cadets physical well being is never neglected. During periods in port they are taught how to swim and row, and are given plenty of practice in handling small boats under oars, sail, and steam. Daily setting up exercises, ending with a climb over the cross trees are a definite part of the curriculum during both winter and summer. Athletic contests are en- couraged and a yearly track meet under the amateur athletic rules is held in the spring. In the summer, pulling and sailing races are frequent, and when two schoolships from different states hap- per to be in port at the same time, rivalry in a ten-oared cutter race runs high. The importance of body building as a means of developing better men is thoroughly recognized. Sports are constantly supervised by officers. The continual effort is made to teach every boy not only how to win, but how to lose like a gentleman as well. The course of study for the second year covers subjects almost exclusive- ly maritime and it is during this year that the development of the cadet’s character is most noticeable. He learns 30 PUUTTVUUUUUHNOAUUULLLLLUUOUUA LULL UL CUOL Watch on deck on tre UBS. Newport New York State Nau- tical academy. Ship under way under sail with cadets at the wheel PTTTTVVUUGHHTLULUGHUULI UU LLLUCGEEE UU how to give orders as well as how to carry out those which have been given to him and he develops ability to take increased responsibilities. He is given minor responsibilities and small com- mands, in charge of a “mess” or coxswain of a boat. At the end of his two years the cadet is rewarded with a certificate of graduation which entitles him to two years’ credit on the three years that are necessary before he is elig- ible to take the examination for a mate’s or an assistant’s license. This leaves him but one year to do before presenting himself before the steam- boat inspection examiners. And, when he does go before them to take his examination, he has learned to be neat in appearance and person. He has self-reliance and a feeling of mastery over the elements and men. He knows how to take orders from proper authority and he is not afraid to incur reasonable responsibility in carrying them out. Whether or not the cadet follows the sea for a livelihood, his two years on the schoolship has taught him many useful things that will be of inestimable value to him later regard- less of his chosen profession. He has been thrown into personal contact with self respecting, self reliant, force- ful instructors, men who have learned how to handle and direct their fellow- men, and who have developed initia- tive and the power to accept responsi- bility. From his constant daily asso- ciation with men of this caliber it has been impossible for the cadet not to absorb a great deal of these character- istics. He leaves the schoolship with knowledge of how to use intelligent initiative and _ take responsibility. These are the very qualities that re- ward by greater return in dollars and cents to the state and country. Built by the American Ship Build- ing Co., Lorain, O., in 1920, the S. S. Henry County is a cargo vessel of about 4150 tons. ‘The outline of the Ship is of the conventional raised poop, bridge, and forecastle design. Of 251 feet in length, 44 feet in breadth, and drawing 26 feet when fully loaded, the vessel appears both MARINE REVIEw—Janu ary, 1931 seaworthy and comfortable. Two 06 fired scotch boilers supply steam at 180 pounds pressure to a triple ex. pansion engine of about 1400 shaft horsepower, which drives the ship with a single screw at 9% knots. Fue] oil for a cruise of 7500 to 8000 miles can be carried without the necessity for refueling. Originally built to carry 35 officers and men in the crew, the two capa- cious holds are being converted into double compartments that will ac commodate 120 additional cadets. It ig planned to divide these two holds into class rooms and living quarters built on a ’tween deck which was not originally installed. The ship is now undergoing overhaul at the navy yard, Norfolk, Virginia, preparatory to her trip to California. A skeleton crew of naval personnel has been detailed to take her out. The recent increases in American shipping have created a demand for Young Americans who possess the requisite general and technical knowl- edge for responsible positions in our merchant marine. These schools of nautical education are the _ sources from which we must recruit our mer- chant marine officer to uphold the prestige of our flag on the high seas and to restore our commercial fleet to the high plane it held so long in the days of canvas. Graduates from the present school- ships have scattered to the four cor- — ners of the world and have invaded every profession. There are many of them in the navy, many have re- turned to a life ashore, better for their experience at sea, while a good percentage of those who obtained their initial love for the sea on a schoolship are today commanding im- portant positions in the merchant marine. Schoolship Newport under sail