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Modern Whaling Ships (Continued from Page 27) feed water tank and oil fuel double bottom to take any leakage of oil. Three fresh water tanks of about 15,000 gallons capacity are fitted, with the necessary filling, sounding, suc- tion and air pipes. Hight derrick posts are fitted with 14 derricks varying from 5 tons to 30 tons. Right 28-foot lifeboats are carried. A horizontal direct grip steam wind- lass of Clarke Chapman & Co.’s make is fitted, and the following winches and capstans are installed: Two for forward cargo hold on upper deck. Four aft end of bridge house. Six over Nos. 3 and 4 oil compartments on platform at sides of vessel. Four at fore side of aftermost derrick posts on platform at sides of vessel. One at aft end of vessel. Two warping capstans aft on upper deck. The steam winches are of the double cyl- inder horizontal type manufactured by Clarke Chapman & Co. Two 40-ton steam winches are fitted on a platform for whale haulage, with two horizontal and two vertical cyl- inders and center lifting barrel, grooved to take 140 feet of steel wire rope in one layer. A 15-ton winch is fitted on the up- per deck at the aft end of the officers deck house. Two double purchase steam warping capstans are fitted on the upper deck aft, each having a horizontal engine. Four double pur- chase steam warping capstans with horizontal engine are fitted for haul- ing bone on the upper deck. ‘Other Auxiliary Equipment A Wilson Pirrie type steering gear is fitted and there is a rudder of the single plate type. The steering gear is. fitted on the rudder head under the whale slipway and is worked from the wheelhouse by telemotor control; a mechanical control being fitted on the upper deck. Two horizontal duplex oil cargo pumps are fitted in the amidship pump room. Two horizontal duplex oil fuel pumps are fitted in the aft pump room. A ballast pump is fitted in the fore hold. A duplex drain pump is fitted in the aft and amidship cargo pump rooms with suction and discharge pip- ing to drain pump room. A double pipe line is fitted to the oil cargo compartments with two suctions in each wing compartment and four suc- tions in each center compartment. Drop valves are fitted to each sum- mer tank. A pipe line is fitted on each side of the vessel in wing tanks in Nos. 1 to 8 tanks with one suction in each wing compartment and two suctions in each center compartment; and two lengths of flexible metallic hose with necessary couplings is carried for sup- plying oil fuel to whalers. A flying bridge extends from side 62 to side of the ship and is fitted above the navigating bridge. Wireless telegraphy and wireless telephone apparatus with necessary instruments are installed including long wave, short wave, telephone and direction finder. A dispensary is arranged in the bridge house; also a hospital. The vessel is electrically lighted through- out. Cold chambers subdivided into meat, vegetables and handling rooms are arranged on the second deck aft, and a steam driven refrigerating ma- chine on the CO, system is installed. Whale Rendering Plant A slipway strongly built and effi- ciently stiffened is arranged at the aft end for hauling whales on board. A blacksmiths’ shop is fitted amid- ships on the upper deck with the necessary fires and tools. There is also a workshop on the same deck with a complete installation of ma- chines. A carpenters’ shop is _ ar- ranged at the fore end of the factory deck and gunpowder houses at stern, at sides of slipway below the upper deck. Two blubber cutters are fitted in the factory ’tween decks, each driven by a steam engine and connected to blub- ber pumps. The blubber is fed to the cutters by a hopper below upper deck with suitable hatch. Four steam driven bone saws, mounted on fixed bedplates are fitted on the upper deck. Fifty-two digesters are installed on the second deck in superstructure. Of these 18 are for blubber and 34 for meat and bone. The necessary receiving and_ set- tling tanks are also fitted, together with a suitable arrangement of piping and pumps. Four sets of Hartmann plant for oil extraction, are fitted in the factory ‘tween decks, together with an installation of piping in addi- tion to the digesters. Eight De Laval whale oil purifiers, motor driven, are fitted in a house on the upper deck, together with the necessary tanks and piping. The propelling machinery consists of a twin screw installation of triple expansion engines with cylinders 243%, x 42 x 70 inches in diameter and with a stroke of 48 inches. The engines are together capable of de- veloping 5000 indicated horsepower when running at 74 revolutions per minute, and embody the most mod- ern features of triple expansion prac- tice. The high pressure cylinders are fitted with separate liners and piston valves, and the intermediate cylinders are fitted with Andrews & Cameron balanced slide valves. Reversing gears are of the all-round type, driven by a single cylinder re- versing engine, and arranged so that reversing can be accomplished by steam or by hand. The turning gears are of the worm and worm-wheel type, driven by an independent reversible single cylinder steam engine, and also by hand. The air pumps are of the MARINE REVIEw——February, 1931 Edwards type fitted with Kinghorn valves. the bilge pumps, are arranged to be worked from the main engines, The condensers are of the surface condensing type, having wedge shaped body of steel plates, with flanges ang facings electrically welded on, each condenser having a cooling surface of 2500 square feet. Steam to the main engines and aux. iliaries is supplied by four single ended cylindrical boilers, 17 feet jn diameter by 12 feet in length, with a working pressure 200 pounds per square inch. The boilers are fitted with Howden’s system of forced draft, and with Sugdens superheaters to give a superheat of 80 degrees Fahr. at the main engine stop valves. An addi- tional single ended boiler 15 feet in diameter by 12 feet in length is gsup- These pumps, together with plied for whaling factory purposes. . This boiler is also fitted with How- den’s forced draft, but is without superheaters. All boilers are fitted with Howards steam driers, and are all arranged to burn oil fuel under Wallsend-Howden system. During whaling operations, the five boilers are in use supplying steam to the factory. Two 50-ton evaporators are supplied for make-up feed requirements. In addition, a complete evaporating plant is provided, capable of 150 tons in 20 hours, for whaling purposes. plant, which is supplied by G. & J. Weir, comprises three _ evaporators, working separately or by triple Effet, together with large distiller and com- bination pumps. Other Auxiliary Machinery Other auxiliary machinery provided are two Clarke Chapman main feed pumps, one Clarke Chapman auxiliary feed pump, Caird & Rayner surface feed heater, two Drysdale 13-inch main circulating pumps, ballast pump, gen- eral service pump, fresh water and sanitary pumps by J. H. Carruthers. There is also an oil fuel transfer pump by G. & J. Weir. To deal with the large amount of exhaust steam from deck, an auxiliary condenser of 2000 square feet cooling surface is provided, together with a J. H. Carruthers circulating water pump and air pump. All of the machinery has been built under Lloyd’s survey. The construc- tion of the Tarerpere has been carried out under the supervision of Arnesen, Christensen & Smith, naval architects and consulting engineers of Newcastle- on-Tyne, and Haakon Ingebrigtsen has represented the owner as resident in- spector. The New York State Merchant Ma- rine academy on Jan. 6 graduated 21 young men who completed a two years’ course in either deck or engine room departments of the schoolship NEwPorT. The young men are quali- fied to join merchant ships as junior officers. This ©