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section extends well forward for connection to the keel and the three upper sections form the end of the semicruiser stern. Of semibalanced design, the rudder is of streamline type with cast steel frame enclosed by riveted plates. The frame is in three sec- tions, the main section carrying ribs to stiffen the side plates and for attachment of the angle stiffeners on the latter. The two gudgeons have bronze bushings with lignum-vitae bearing sur- face and the wrought steel pintles have bronze casings. The rudder stock is forged steel 22 inches diameter, with a 3%-inch axial hole and four collars, and is connected to the rudder through a horizontal coupling by 12 body- bound bolts; the palm also has a feather to re- lieve the shearing stress on the latter. Complete Double Bottom Throughout HE rudder is supported within the hull by a bearing of the collar type located at the lower deck level. Bearing is cast steel, in halves and is lined with white metal in way of the bearing surfaces of the four collars on the rudder stock. There is also a steady bear- ing with stuffing box fitted on the trunk of the stern frame; this bearing is also of cast steel in halves with a bronze gland and bronze bush- ing. A brass sleeve is fitted on the rudder stock in way of the steady bearing. A double bottom extends from the collision bulkhead as far aft as shape of the vessel per- mits. It is 60 inches deep amidships and is increased in depth in No. 1 hold and also at the after end. Longitudinally it is divided into 11 compartments by watertight and oiltight floors and all but No. 1 and No. 11 compartments are also divided transversely by the watertight ver- tical keel; in the two extreme end compart- ments the latter is nonwatertight. All double bottom compartments forward of the engine room are fitted for carrying either fuel oil or water ballast and those under the engine room and aft are fitted for carrying fresh water only. A cofferdam is fitted between the oil and fresh water carrying divisions, and all drainage wells are fitted in accordance with the regulations of the safety-at-sea convention (1929). Solid floors, with suitable lightening holes, are fitted on every frame under the en- gine room, throughout the forward one-fifth length, and also for a considerable distance at the after end; in the boiler rooms solid floors are fitted on alternate frames and elsewhere every third frame with open bracketed floors between. Two side girders are fitted on each side of the centerline, intercostal between solid floors, and additional stiffening is fitted at the forward end and under the engine room. Frames in the double bottom are joggled, but reverse frames MARINE ReEview—August, 1931 S. S.: PRESIDENT | HOOVER are straight and tank top plating joggled. Athwartship tanks are fitted forward of the boiler rooms and between the boiler and engine rooms, and side tanks are fitted abreast each boiler room. All tanks extend to the main deck except that in way of the after athwart- ship tanks a cofferdam is fitted under the deck to accommodate pipes, etc. The athwartship tanks are divided transversely into four com- partments and in addition the after ones are divided longitudinally. Altogether there are 20 separate compartments; those abreast the boiler rooms are mostly used for settling tanks. A pipe tunnel is fitted through the tanks at the forward end of the boiler room and extends through No. 3 hold and part of No. 2 hold, with an escape trunk extending to the shelter deck. In addition to some of the double bottom compartments aft which are used exclusively for carrying fresh water for domestic service, Electric Storage Batteries Substantially Housed there are a number of built-in fresh water tanks. These tanks are located outboard of the refrigerating machinery space and abreast the shaft alleys and extend from the double bot- tom to the orlop deck. There are also two — tanks on the centerline between the shaft alleys. The ten tanks thus provided have a combined capacity of about 1300 tons of fresh water. Accommodations for Ship’s Complement HE two masts are of riveted design, with doublers at partners and hounds, but with- out stiffeners. Each mast heels on the shelter deck and is fitted with a topmast of tubular construction. The topmasts are telescopic, the arrangement permitting them to be lowered about 28 feet. Masts are fitted with stretchers to take the leads of the boom topping lifts. Accommcdations for a total ship’s comple- ment of 324 are provided for. These are lo- cated in different parts of the ship, those for (Continued on Page 30) 20