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Incandescent Lamps Light Bottom of the Ocean Pr oecte 15 years experimenting to perfect his present diving suit and its newer ‘mother ship,” a huge diving bell, H. L. Bowdoin, New York, has found that to make successful visits to the ocean floor he must rely on artificial light. The complete salvaging apparatus consists of a perfected metal diving suit, a sea-going tug, and a heavy cylindrical diving bell, five feet in diameter and eight feet high. The bell is constructed of armor plate one inch thick and weighs 8000 pounds out of water, the buoyancy of the water reducing its weight to 1000 pounds as it is lowered. Two 1000 watt Mazda lamps in special headlight reflectors rest on the shoulders of the diving suit and the diving bell has several 1000 watt Mazda lamps in small reflectors at- tached to its underside, making it is possible to see as far as 35 feet in clear water. An extensible lamp pre- cedes the bell in dangerous locations. To prevent a “short” in one of the lamps, each is wired separately, if one burns out, the others will con- tinue to give light. To test these lamps the Westing- house Lamp Co. placed them in a tank of water capable of producing variable hydraulic pressures and con- tinuously burned there for one week. No pressure was applied during the night but during the day a pressure of 250 to 300 pounds per square inch was maintained. When, at the end of a week, the lamps were still burning, it was decided to increase the pres- Heavy Diving Suit of H. L. Bowdoin. Automobile Reflectors with 1000-Watt Lamps Are Fitted on Each Shoulder oe Welding Pipe With Seamless Steel Fittings sure gradually until they broke. At a pressure of 750 pounds per square inch the tank collapsed, but the lamps still burned on. Since a pres- sure of 750 pounds is equivalent to water pressure exerted at a depth of 1685 feet it was felt that the bulbs of these lamps would withstand working pressure for salvage work which scarcely ever would require a descent of more than 100 feet. New Seamless Steel Pipe Fittings for Welding FTER several years of experi- mental and development work in the manufacture of fittings for pipe fabrication by welding, the Taylor Forge & Pipe Works, Chicago, recently put out a complete new line of seam- less steel pipe fittings for welding con- sisting of elbows, tees, reducing tees, bull plugs and reducing nipples as well as forged steel butt welding flanges. All sizes to 24-inch are avail- able. The tees are made in sizes 2 to 6-inch. This line of fittings permits entire pipe systems fabricated by welding to be installed with only the use of true circumferential welds. Erection is con- siderably simplified, the fittings being lighter in weight than cast steel fit- tings and therefore requiring fewer and lighter supports. They require less space in erection and permit easy and economical insulation. The el- bows are made without thinning or buckling of the walls and have short tangents to facilitate welding and ac- curate lining up. The ends are ma- chine tool beveled. The forge tees are made to pipe thickness at the ends, with the body thickened up especially around the out- let to give required reinforcement. MARINE REVIEw—September, 1931 Gas-Heated Soldering lron Has Distinctive Features NCREASED efficiency and greater i economy are claimed for the new gas-heated soldering iron recently in- troduced by the Reliance Special- ties Mfg. Co., 122 -East Forty-second street, New York. Using the Torch- iron, the operator has a continuous- ly heated soldering iron for steady work. Low gas consumption is as- sured. With the three pound head, the fuel required is only four or five cubie feet of gas per hour, and with the five pound head, five or six cubic feet of gas per hour. The iron is heated by either natu- ral or artificial gas and low pres- sure air mixed by means of a needle valve, and passing through a flexible hose to the handle of the torch. Con- stant temperatures are increased or decreased by regulation of the nee- dle valve. The copper heads may be brought to a red heat within three to five minutes after lighting. A great deal of the filing and cleaning, dipping and retinning of the cop- pers is eliminated, as the copper heads are not exposed to the open flame. Coppers are available in sizes ranging from one-half to five pounds, and also are made to specifications. They are quickly interchangeable, be- ing screwed on the stainless steel tip. As the name implies, the Torchiron may be used as a torch as well as an iron, merely by remov- ing the copper head. This feature is especially handy for shipbuilding use. Gas-heated Soldering Torchiron 47