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Equipment Used Afloat and Ashore Nickel Clad Steel—Breather Valve—Water Meter—Welding—Ship's Radio—Compound Lumber—Pump Unit—New Gasket—Aluminum Rod plate protected on one side with a dense, homogeneous sheet of pure nickel possessing the same chemical and physical properties as hot rolled or hot forged nickel in other forms. The International Nickel Co. Inc., 67 “Wall street, New York has developed methods for fabricating nickel clad steel plate in which the nickel is firmly and permanently bonded to the steel base and will not separate from it under normal conditions of temperature change, pressure, vac- uum, or deformation in forming. There are now available large and thick plates for the construction of massive pressure vessels, evapora- tors, storage tanks and many other types of equipment lined with pure nickel. es clad steel plate is steel The intimate metallic contact be- . tween the two metals gives the clad plate the heat conductivity of solid steel or solid nickel plate, and there- fore maximum thermal efficiency is assured in all equipment requiring heat transfer through the wall. The thermal coefficient of expansion of nickel and steel are nearly identical and temperature changes within the range where nickel and steel may be used will not affect the bond. The ‘bond between the nickel cladding and the steel base plate is a solid so- lution nickel iron alloy which is formed when the two metals are ‘brought in contact at high tempera- tures. The nickel is actually welded to the steel. This union is effected at temperatures below the melting point of either nickel or steel and the action of bonding is by diffusion of the iron into the nickel. The development and research de- ‘partment of the International Nickel Co. Ine. has prepared a particularly effective bulletin on methods for fab- rication of nickel clad steel plate from which the above information has been taken. It is expected that this treatise will be ready for distri- ‘bution in the near future. Marine Breather Valve N EFFECTIVE vacuum and A pressure relief valve for tanks -on tankers has been perfected by Shand & Jurs Co., Berkley, Calif. ‘The new valve is known as a marine breather valve. A _ predetermined pressure or vacuum may be main- tained at all times by setting the ten- ‘sion on the spring of the valve. In this particular valve the manufactur- -er is using a new type of material 36 which assures a tight seat at all times. This is an important feature for a breather valve because the un- necessary breathing of an explosive mixture from a tank constitutes a serious fire hazard. The new valve is made in four-inch size. Further information can be obtained by com- municating directly with the manu- facturer. Accurate Water Meter OR 75 years the Worthington Pump & Machinery Corp., Harri- son, N. J., has manufactured a num- ber of types of water, oil, gasoline and grease meters. Recently an- other model of the water meter has been added. This meter, known as model GA, is said to be the most ac- curate yet developed for extremely low flows as well as for intermediate and high flows. The new water meter is built in sizes from % to 2 inches, with nor- mal flow limits from 1 to 160 gal- lons per minute. It incorporates many unusual features. Of positive displacement dise type, all register gears are fitted with rubber bushed bearings. The register box, of heavy construction, is fitted with a double lid to facilitate cleaning of the cover glass. The train assembly comprises four cast bronze gears and four pin- ions, all r:gidly fastened to monel metal spindles which revolve in re- placeable hard rubber bushings. Though sufficiently accurate to re- cord small drips and slow unseen leaks—-an appreciable loss not re- corded by the ordinary meter—this new meter is a sturdy instrument that will give long, reliable and ef- ficient service with a minimum of wear, corrosion and maintenance. Welded Construction RC welding has been accepted A practice for some time in the fabrication in whole or in part of some units of marine equipment. Comparatively recent developments by Lukenweld Ine., Coatesville, Pa. include a number of new applica- tions of are welding as a method of manufacture for marine equipment such as the foundations and housings for diesel engines, speed reducer and gear cases, turbine mounts, pump and motor bases, gears, turbo gen- erator bed plates and drive gear bases. These parts have been construct- ed entirely of gas cut and formed MARINE REVIEw—August, 1932 steel plate, welded into the complet- ed unit. One of these units for in- stance is a diesel engine crankcase assembly which weighs about 250 pounds less than a similar assembly made of aluminum. Another unit is the top block for an eight-cylinder 600 horsepower diesel engine which weighs only 1765 pounds. A gear case of are welded con- struction in two parts is a particular- ly effective application. The top sec- tion weighs 1848 pounds and the bottom section, 2840 pounds. It is said that the total weight of 4688 pounds for the entire gear case is 3125 pounds or 40 per cent less in weight than that of similar gear cases made by other methods. The progress made by this com- pany in the application of arc weld- ing as a method of construction of many units and parts used in ship- building and marine engineering is illustrated and described in a bulletin recently prepared. Ship Radio Equipment N ADDITION to the usual interme- diate frequency radio equipment many American steamship companies are now recognizing the definite ad- vantages of the more recently devel- oped short wave, long range radio equipment, according to Charles J. Pannill, executive vice president of the Radiomarine Corporation of America. It is a well established fact that intermediate frequency equipment best serves in marine ra- dio communication over distances up to several hundred miles. On the other hand when a vessel is from 1000 to 5000 miles from her home port, the short wave part of the ra- dio spectrum offers the most efficient medium for communication. Among vessels recently equipped with Radiomarine short wave equip- ment is the S. S. Cacrus of the Pacific Argentine Brazil line in service be- tween San Francisco and South Amer- ican ports. Another is the S. S. GoLp- EN DRAGON of the American Hawaiian Co., in service between San Francisco and intercoastal ports as well as ports in the Far East. The steamships SCANMAIL and SCANSTATES, recently placed in passenger and freight servy- ice by the American Scantic line, are similarly equipped. The ScANMAIL, sailing on her maiden voyage July 2, from New York to Copenhagen and Baltic ports, was outfitted with the most modern type of communica- tion facilities, enabling passengers to keep in touch with home.