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are electrically heated. The totat energy consumed for this installa- tion is approximately 428 kilowatts. The crew quarters and adjacent rooms are heated by electricity so that it is unnecessary to put the aux- iliary boiler in operation while the vessel is in port during the winter. In all there are 120 electric radiators totaling 165 kilowatts and 33 hot- water heaters (300 watts each) in- stalled above the second class cabin washbasins. For illuminating purposes more than 3000 lamps are used ranging from 25 to 500-watt and_ totaling 120 kilowatts. Telegraph and indicating lines are provided for the engine room tele- graph installation. An 18-point di- rect current system also is employed in connection with the rudder angle indicator with repeaters in the en- gine room and wheelhouse; the pro- peller revolution counter with re- Tyree Sketches showing how the system of water pressure for diesel fuel oil operates on the Motorship Caribia. Above—Fuel oil storage tanks under this system are always full with a combination of water underneath and oil on top. As the oil is used, more water is admitted. When the oil is replenished the water flows overboard. At right—Showing method of sounding tanks for amount of oil present peaters in the engine room, wheel- house and chief engineer’s cabin and there is a loud speaker phone instal- lation connecting the wheelhouse with the engine room, steering en- gine room, bow and stern and also connecting the engine room with the engine department office and chief engineer’s cabin. Refrigerating Plant Installation The refrigerating plant consists of two 2-cylinder double acting am- monia compressors. The refrigerated chambers are insulated with ‘‘ex- pansit cork.’’ Hach compressor is driven by geared electric motors and has a capacity of 218,240 B.t.u.’s per hour with the temperature of the cooling water at 86 degrees Fahr. and evaporator at 14 degrees Fahr. One NH, compressor with 31,750 B.t.u.’s per hour capacity cools the ice cream chamber. The two cross current condensers have removable inner tubes, made 14! of rust proof metal. Both evapor- ators are box shaped containers in which the seamless steel refrigerat- ing coils are installed. There are three brine pumps with 530 eubic feet per hour capacity against a 98-foot head; a cooling- water pump with 1412 cubic feet per hotir capacity; two irrigation coolers, one serving the plus cham- bers and the other the minus cham- bers, one ventilator each for the plus and minus chambers to circulate the air and change same 25 times per hour. The ice cream chamber is cooled by direct evaporation to zero degrees Fahr.; the fish, poultry, meat and ice chambers from 28 to 40 de- grees Fahr.; the egg, beer, vegetable and potato chambers from 35 to 46 degrees Fahr. Deliver Fuel by Water Pressure In conclusion special mention should be made of the system em- ployed to deliver fuel to the injec- tion pumps by means of water pres- sure. The difficulties which former- ly arose in the usual methcds of handling diesel fuel should be elimi- nated by this water follow-up sys- tem, (see accompanying illustra- tion). The fuel tanks are intercon- nected with a water storage tank erected above the tanktop and con- tinually kept full by the sanitary water line which is connected to the lower part of both outer tanks (port and starboard) A and B. Let us as- sume that all five are filled with oil. If we now open supply valve g, then due to the greater pressure in the water storage tank, seawater flows in at the bottom of the outer bunk- ers and an equal amount of oil passes out of the center bunker at eg. The fact that oil and water are to- gether in the same tank is contrary to our custom but this is harmless MARINE REVIEwW—May, 1933 since it is impossible for them: to mix as the lighter oil always floats on top of the heavier water. After the removal or consumption of fuel has caused the outer bunk- ers A and B to become filled with water, then a further consumption of oil allows the entrance of water, through drop-pipes ec and d; to the bunkers C and D which are still filled with oil and where the fuel also gradually is displaced. Finally the center bunker E becomes filled with water, through droppipes e and f. while the oil leaves this bunker at g. When the sounding device described below shows that the lower level of the oil (where oil and water meet) has reached the maximum level per- mitted then oil is again pumped through the filling line at B in the center bunker whereupon the _ sea- water in the bunkers reverses its direction and finally flows overboard through the overflow pipe of the wa- ter storage tank. The pumping of oil ceases after the oil finally reaches its deepest point in both outer bunk- ers A and B. In this way the oil bunkers ccn- tinually remain filled with fuel or water. A change in the trim of the ship does not occur during the con- sumption of fuel nor are there any of the disadvantages of partly filled tanks made noticeable when the ves- sel rolls. The fuel flows directly from the bunkers to the motors and it cannot be disturbed by the rolling of the vessel. It has sufficient time and opportunity to settle. Impuri- ties sink the bottom of the bunkers and the clean oil is drawn from the highest point. Daily supply pumps and day-tanks therefore become un- necessary. To determine the amount of fuel in the bunkers a special sounding device, also shown in accompanying illustration, has been provided. A sounding pipe (a) is connected to each bunker and separated from the bunker proper by a self-closing valve b on top and bottom. A weight f, with a polished metal point at the bottom, is suspended in the sound- ing pipe from a steel cable. This cable comes out at the top of the sounding pipe through a small oil tight and insulated stuffing-box and passes over an insulated roller to the measuring-drum e upon which the cable is wound. A storage bat- tery and lamp is installed on the drum. Since seawater is a good conductor of electricity and oil a very poor conductor, the lamp, by means of a suitable electric circuit, burns as soon as the contact point f on the weight enters the seawater and shuts off when the contact point rests in oil. The weight in the sounding pipe is lowered, by turning the drum e, until the lamp starts to burn. The position of the meas- uring drum indicates, by means of a reading, how much oil is in the tank.