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16 MARINE REVIEW. [ March 7, CLERGUE’S GREAT ENTERPRISES. HE REVIEWS WHAT HE AND HIS ASSOCIATES HAVE DONE AT SAULT STE. MARIE AND WHAT THEY PROPOSE TO DO. The address of Francis H. Clergue at the complimentary banquet tendered him by the citizens of Sault Ste. ‘Marie, which was_ briefly sketched in the last issue of the Review, is worth more than passing men- tion. In it he sets forth what the capital supporting him has done and what it proposes to do. His movements are, indeed, Titanic. Of course, there is nothing in the address which is not generally known, but coming from his mouth certain parts of it are worthy of repetition. He touched lightly upon the good fortune which brought him to Sault Ste Marie a few years ago and the good sense which has kept him there since. He grasped at once the strategic manufacturing position which the Sault holds. He complimented the people of the north upon their energy and fighting qualities and related an interesting incident in the trip of the four British steamers across the ocean with the first cargo of steel ever sent abroad by the direct water route of the great lakes. “You all remember,” said he, “the advent here during last year of four ocean-going British ships brought out by us to = Bh Ren engage experimentally in the navigation ‘of the St. Lawrence river to the lakes and carry the traffic of the Helen iron mine during the open season. At the close of the navigation season these ships were sent to sea, completing their loading at Montreal with full cargoes for Bristol channel ports. Leaving Montreal in the month of December they encountered on the pas- sage across those unprece- dented gales of this winter, which seemed never to end, and which destroyed and disabled many of the best ships on the North Atlantic. I myself crossed through the midst of these gales on one of the largest and fast est ocean liners, and you will believe that I did not fail to see those little ships in my mind’s eye when my own big ship was being tossed about like a chip on Lake Superior. Our ships encountered the very worst of the gales. The Monks- haven had her four life- boats carried away one after another. Her staunch bul- watks were crumbled up like paper and broken in flat with the decks. All connections between the deck and the cabins were battened down, and half the time the officers on the bridge could not see the hull of the ship, which was continually immersed be- neath the seas. In the midst of this distress the steel quadrant, by means of which the rudder of the ship was controlled, was broken, and instantly the control of the ship was lost. Apparently nothing could be done, the engines were of course stopped, and the ship tumbled about among the mountainous waves like a wreck. When daylight came the officers and crew set themselves at work to get control of the rudder. Forward were two large spare anchors, and with help of hoists and tackle, after twenty- four hours of struggling through the seas washing the decks, these an- chors were gotten aft, lashed and chained to the stump of the quadrant and within forty-eight hours the ship was again under control and off on her course. In the midst of the gale, and while these repairs were being attempted, an ocean liner was sighted, overtook the ship, and signals were exchanged. What think you was the signal displayed from the shaking masthead of the wrecked Monkshaven? Did it announce her disabled condition, and ask for succor? Did it read that her lifeboats were all gone, that the rudder was disabled, and the ship unmanageable? Did they ask to be taken off? Not so! This was the signal which these brave men flung in the winds: ‘We are the British ship Monkshaven; please report us all well.’ Yes, indeed, the Mionkshaven was ‘all well.’ ‘All well’ while she had on board officers and crew whose courage and whose sense of duty inspired them to decline assistance under such terrifying conditions. A few hours later the ship was under control, and a week later she limped into Cardiff ‘all well’ and these British seamen, unconscious of any heroic conduct, knowing only that they had performed a duty well, received their petty dues, and went ashore to mingle with the hundreds of thousands of other British seamen who would behave exactly the same way under the same circumstances.” LIST OF EXPENDITURES AT THE SAULT. In speaking of the location of the works at the Sault Mr. Clergue says that they will afford exceptional educational opportunities to the youth of the place. The sons of the present generation will become the operatives, the mechanics, the accountants and the managers of the vari- ous undertakings. He also caused to be prepared some figures in the auditor’s oflice, showing how much money had already been expended greatly prized by him. Monkshaven ascending the Avon with Steel from Conneaut. The above picture in a contemporary sense has greater historical value than any which the Review could present to its readers. It represents the British steamer Monkshaven ascending the river Avon The steel was made by the Carnegie Co. and consti- tuted the first shipments of steel ever made to England from the United States by way of the great lakes and the Atlantic. The Monkshaven was one of four vessels which came from England last year to engage in-‘lake trade in connection with the Clergue interests at Sault Ste. Marie. The vessels dur- ing the fall on the return trip to England carried Carnegie steel from Conneaut. The photograph from which this half-tone was made was secured by Mr. Clergue during his recent visit to England, and is near Bristol with a cargo of steel from Conneaut. and how many men had been employed. This is extremely valuable be- cause it is authentic. He said: : “We commenced the operation of the Algoma Iron Works with the present superintendent as foreman, and two machinists. The machine shop, foundry and blacksmith shop now employ 300 men and the annual payroll amounts to $200,000. We have expended for supplies and material for the iron works, almost wholly in Canada and principally in Ontario, over $300,000. For wages we have expended $200,000. The increase in the capacity of these works, which our business now demands and construc- tion for which will commence on the opening of spring, will require an expenditure of $100,000, and the increase in number of artisans to 600. The Sault Ste. Marie Pulp & Paper Co. has expended in the labor and material for the construction of its works over $2,000,000, and has ex- pended for labor in operation over $1,000,000. The number of men now on its payroll is over 1,000 and the annual payroll amounts to over $500,- 000. The new pulp mill, coming into operation in the spring, will in- crease the number on the payroll to 1,500. “The Tagona Water & Light Co. has expended on construction of its works over $300,000 and has paid out in wages over $50,000. The increase to its system to be undertaken on the opening of spring will cost $50,000 and will employ 200 men during the construction. The Lake Superior Power Co. has expended over $3,000,000 in construc- tion and employs 1,000 men with a daily payroll of $1,- 500. The additional works to be undertaken on the opening of spring will re- quire 2,000 more men on its payroll, and an additional expenditure of $5,000,000. These works include an electric street railway, the new power canal and the blast furnaces and_ steel plant. The Algoma Central railway has already expend- ed over $3,000,000 in con- struction, and has had as many as 2,000 men on its own and contractors’ pay- rolls. Four thousand men will be required to carry on the construction this year. The total cash expenditures estimated to be required for completing the Algoma ‘Central railway is $5,000,- 000. The Algoma Commer- cial Co., operating the Al- goma Central land grant, will require 1,000 men to conduct its works projected for the coming year. The steamers and _ steamship lines now owned and oper- ated by the Algoma Central employ 250 people, and the new line to be opened in connection with the Al- goma Central this season will employ 250 additional. Expenditures for the steamship line have already exceeded $600,000, and the addition to our fleet will cost $500,000 more. The Reduction and Refining Works, under construction, will be completed this season and will afford employment for 500 people. “A summary of these figures shows that we have already expended in works at Sault Ste. Marie or tributary thereto over $9,000,000, that we have over $9,000,000 more to expend before the projected works are completed; and these sums do not include our outlays at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. It indicates that the 3,000 men now on our payroll will be increased to over 8,000 and that about $10,000 in cash will be distributed daily at Sault Ste. Marie among the builders and operatives of these works. There is a great advantage, which should not be lost sight of, to the community in which capital is expended for industrial works, which does not result from a sim- ilar expenditure in railroad construction or buildings of almost any other nature. In industrial works the artisans engaged in the construction thereof invariably remain either as artisans in the works themselves, or as employes on new works, the necessity of which is caused by the original industry. The capital invested in the construction of the railways entering the Saults, or in the great government locks at this point, performed its function as a circulating medium only once. The works were construct- ed, the laborers paid therefor, and then they dispersed to all parts of the world. No appreciable cash revenue is derived by the community from the operation of these railroads or from the operation of the locks, al- though, of course, the general interests of the community are much bene- fited by the facilities for transportation thus afforded. But it is true, that no workman engaged on the construction of any of our works has ever left this community because he could not find employment, and that at Maes) eave! to the highest paid for similar labor in any country in the world.’ THE ALPHA AND OMEGA OF MANUFACTURING. That Clergue comprehends the alpha and omega of manufacturing is apparent from the following line of reasoning which is taken from his address. Cheapness of power and proximity to raw material are the es- sentials of success; nay, more, they are the safeguards against failure. Upon this point he says: 3 “The first source of employment of labor and employment of capital the world over, in industrial affairs, is raw material in some form; the